Monosaturated fatty acids

SFA saturated fatty acids MSFA monosaturated fatty acids PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids. 

Cervilla, M., and G. Puzo Determination of Double Bond Position in Monosaturated Fatty Acids by Mass Analyzed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry/Collision Induced Dissociation After Chemical Ionization of Their Amino Alcohol Derivatives. Analyt. Chemistry 55, 2100 (1983). 

Nuts Atherosclerosis Increase in ratio of monosaturated/saturated fatty acids which causes a decrease in the plasma level of LDL-cholesterol... 

Lipids belong to fundamental nutrients for human. Their components are fatty acids (FAs), which could be classified to saturated (SFAs— without double bonds), monosaturated (MUFAs—with one double bond), and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs—with two or up to six double bonds). Humans are able to synthesize both SFAs and MUFAs. Nevertheless, PUFAs with the first bond on the third or sixth carbon atom are essential because of the inability to be s)mthesized by the human body. Thus, they have to be obtained from the diet. Their main sources are chloroplasts of higher plants and fat of water organisms. 

Many other papers have described the use of DSC in the predication of penetration eidiancement using the following penetration enhancers oleic acid/propylene glycol [20], straight chain fatty acids, monosaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids [21], carvone [22], menthol [23], 5-aminolevulinic acid [24], and phospholipids [25]. 

We have achieved good separation of polyunsaturated fatty acid esters from saturated, monosaturated and disaturated fatty acid esters and this has been used as a means of identifying the presence of polyunsaturates, especially fish oil, in samples (Fig. 1.2). However, if there is a considerable amount of trienoic fatty acids in the mixture, as in egg lipids, the separation is not very pronounced (Shantha and Ackman, 1991a). Nakamura, Fukuda and Tanaka (1996) have used similar TLC separation of marine lipids and were able to quantitate the amount of pol)amsaturated fatty acids by using scanning densitometry followed by Coomassie blue staining. 

Fig. 3.5. Analysis of G-80 tri acyl glycerol formulation by four-column silver-ion high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Sample size 100 pg. Flow rate 1.5 ml7 min, 1.0% acetonitrile (ACN) in hexane. Ultraviolet detection at 206 nm. Peak 1 is mono-CLA/2 miscellaneous fatty acids (FA) peak 2 is di-CLA/monosaturated FA peak 3 is di-CL/Vmono 9c-18 1 peak 4 is tri-CLA and peak 5 is tri-CLA. Insert A Three-column Ag-HPLC. Sample size, 50 pg flow rate, 2.0 mUmin, 0.6% ACN in hexane. Fraction 2A1 is 54%/37% 10f,12c-18 2/9c,11 f-18 2 fraction 2A2 is 36%/56% 10f,12c-18 2/ 9c, 11 f-18 2 fraction 2 A3 is di-9c,111- 8 2/mono-c/s/c/s-CLA (where cis/cis refers to 9c,11c- and 10c,12c-18 2). Insert B Four-column Ag-HPLC. Sample size 50 mg flow rate 1.5 mL/min, 0.7% ACN in hexane. Note The two major peaks in Inserts A and B are Peaks 3 and 4 of main chromatogram and illustrate changes in separation due to changes in number of columns used or in solvent composition.

Fig. F-5. A triglyceride containing a saturated, a monosaturated, and a polyunsaturated fatty acid.

In the presence of reduced CoA (CoA-SH), ATP and Mg, arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase converts arachidonate into arachi-donoyl-CoA, a process referred to as activation . Arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase is quite specific for arachidonic acid and for 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid saturated and monosaturated long-chain fatty acids are, instead, activated by a distinct long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase activity with broader substrate specificity. Some properties of the platelet synthetase, studied by the group of Philip W. Majerus (at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis), are reported in Table 2.27 ... 

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