Interaction monolayers

Wolstenholme, G. A., and Schulman, J. H. Metal-monolayer interactions in aqueous systems. Part I. The interaction of monolayers of longchain polar compounds with metal ions in the underlying solution. Trans. Faraday Soc. 46, 475—487 (1950). 

Putnam, W.S., Pan, L., Tsutsui, K., Takahashi, L. and Benet, L.Z. (2002) Comparison of bidirectional cephalexin transport across MDCK and caco-2 cell monolayers interactions with peptide transporters. Pharmaceutical Research, 19, 27-33. 

Putnam WS, Pan L, Tsutsui K, Takahashi L, and Benet LZ. Comparison of Bidirectional Cephalexin Transport Across MDCKand Caco-2 Cell Monolayers Interactions with Peptide Transporters. Pharm Res 2002a 19 27-33. 

It is clear that the molecules present in a monolayer interact with the molecules of the underlying liquid phase and cannot be assumed merely to consist of molecules moving freely in two dimensions. Such interactions result in molecular motions energized by surface tension gradients this is called the Marangoni effect. In a glass of wine, ethyl alcohol... 

Figure 1.5.10 Schematic drawing of a Pockels trough used to form compact molecular monolayers on a water surface. The deposition takes place on the downward stroke if hydrophobic interaction is responsible for deposition (hydrophobic surface) and on the upward stroke if hydrophihc surface-monolayer interactions are more important. If the deposition area is equal to the loss of the monolayer on the air/water interface (deposition ratio equal to 1), it is assumed that perfect deposition has taken place. If the ratio is near unity in both upward and downward strokes, the material is deposited in the Y mode, which is the most stable multilayer structure (b). If the deposition ratio is near unity in the down stroke and zero on the up stroke, the deposition is in the X mode (a). The surface is hydrophobic and am-phiphiles are bound in the A orientation. The converse situation leads to Z-mode multilayers (c B orientation). X- and Z-types often rearrange to Y-type multilayers.

For both nanotubes, the majority of the gauche defects are localized to the region of the monolayer adjacent to and under the nanotube (Figure 6). The small radius of the nanotube allows it to slice into the monolayer, interacting with a small number of hydrocarbon chains. Thus, the defects are localized near the tip. (This is true irrespective of the length of the w-alkane chains within the monolayer being indented (39)). The shape of the tip is intimately linked to the location of the defects. When the tip is extended to an infinite hydrogen-terminated diamond lattice, the defects were localized to the ends of the alkane chains (43). 

Contrarily to expectations, an increase (resp. decrease) in herbicide affinity was associated to a decrease (resp. increase) in the herbicide sensitivity, except in the case of DCMU sensitivity of PL-depleted R-TM (Tab. I). This suggests that at least in the S-biotype, (some) acyl lipids in the outer monolayer interact with the 32 Kd H-B protein so as to maintain... 

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