Monoclonal antibody high affinity

Thus, if theantibody has a high affinity for the antigen, it has a high association constant. Typical association constants range from lO to 10 ° L/mol, and as high as 10 L/mol for some monoclonal antibodies. 

The approximate location of the epitopes for more than 40 monoclonal anti-ATPase antibodies has been mapped to various regions within the cytoplasmic domain of the Ca " -ATPase [285,302-304]. All antibodies were found to bind with high affinity to denatured Ca -ATPase, but the binding to the native enzyme showed significant differences depending on the location of antigenic sites within the ATPase molecule. 

Basiliximab and daclizumab are considered monoclonal antibodies. Daclizumab is a humanized antibody that is approximately 10% murine and 90% human, whereas basiliximab is a chimeric antibody that is approximately 30% murine and 70% human.9,11 These agents bind with high affinity to the IL-2 receptor, where they act as CD25 receptor antagonists. These receptors are present on almost all activated T cells. Their role in induction therapy involves inhibiting IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes, which is an important step for the clonal expansion of T cells. 

Persson, M. A., Caothien, R. H., and Burton, D. R. (1991). Generation ofdiverse high-affinity human monoclonal antibodies by repertoire cloning. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 2432-2436. 

A third area of development in carbohydrate l.c. analyses is in the combined techniques (see Section IV,3) and other methods that provide qualitative, as well as quantitative, information about sample constituents, such as high-performance liquid affinity chromatography. The use of specific lectin- and monoclonal antibody-based, stationary phases for analytical and preparative applications is now being considered. The basic concepts of these techniques have been reviewed - and their applications to carbohydrates have been discussed. 

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