Mole balances series reactions

Mole balance expressions were developed for a general series reaction by Agarwalla and Lund [16], and the same procedures were used here to develop the species balance equations shown in Table I. Boundary conditions and parameter definitions are presented in Tables II and III. Note that the boundary conditions are given only for co-current flow of reactants and inert, which is the only configuration studied. Previous work [16], has shown that counter-current operation is less effective than co-current operation. 

In this chapter we discuss reactor selection and general mole balances for multiple reactions. There are three basic types of multiple reactions series, parallel, and independent. In parallel reactions (also called competing reactions) the reactant is consumed by two different reaction pathways to form different products ... 

In complex reaction systems consisting of combinations of parallel and series reactions the availability of software packages (ODE solvers) makes it much easier to solve problems using moles Nj or molar flow rates Fj rather than conversion. For liquid systems, concentration may be the preferred variable used in, the mole balance equations. The resulting coupled differential equations can be easily solved using an ODE solver. In fact, tltis section has been developed to take advantage of the vast number of computational techniques now available on mainframe (e.g., Simulsolv) and personal computers (POLYMATH). 

One can model the clotting process in a manner identical to the series reactions by writing a mole balance and rate law for each species such as... 

Related Calculations. For a batch reactor, the material balance is Rate of accumulation of species A = rate of generation of species A, or dNA/dt = rA, where N is number of moles at time t and r is rate of reaction (which can be, for example, per unit of catalyst mass in the reactor, in which case it must be multiplied by the number of such units present). The rate at any given time can be found by plotting Na against residence time and measuring the slope, but this technique can lead to large errors. A better approach is to use the Taylor-series interpolation formula (see mathematics handbooks for details). 

A series of trials with different assumed values of pco2/Poo and pH2o were made until a balance was obtained, the final trial showing the equilibrium composition at 3250°K. is recorded in Table IV. In this case, the 4 moles of reactants yielded 5.51 moles of products, and Qr = AH = 117.6 kcal. Therefore, the adiabatic flame temperature of the C2H4 4- 3 O2 reaction is 3250°K. (2977 10°C.). 

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