Molarity of ions

EXAMPLE 10.1 Calculating the molarities of ions in a solution of a strong base... 

Net ionic equations are used in discussions of limiting quantities problems (Chapter 10), molarities of ions (Chapter 11), balancing oxidation-reduction equations (Chapter 16), acid-base theory (Chapter 19), and many other areas beyond the scope of this book. They make possible writing equations for halfreactions at the electrodes in electrochemical experiments (Chapter 17), which have electrons included explicitly in them. They make understandable the heat effects of many reactions such as those of strong acids with strong bases. 

Molalities or molarities of ions and non-ionic compounds, mol/kg or mol/L Fluid viscosity. Pa s, or chemical potential, J/mol Chemical potential of solute, J/mol Chemical potential of solvent, J/mol Chemical potential of the /th component, J/mol Number of pores Water flux, kg-water/s m ... 

Calculating Molarity of Ions Produced by Dissolution of an Ionic Compound. 

The numbers of moles of ion charge (formerly chemical equivalents), however, are equal in the equation. Equation 1.1 means, one mole of sulfuric acid yields two moles of hydrogen charge and two moles of sulfate charge. Moles of ion charge are the number of moles multiplied by (1) the number of moles of H+ or OH- that react with 1 mole of the substance, or (2) the number of moles or Faradays of electrons that 1 mole of the substance accepts or donates. The volumetric unit is molarity of ion charge, or moles of ion charge per liter. 

SAMPLE PROBLEM 4.2 Determining the Molarity of Ions in an Aqueous... 

The three aqueous ionic solutions represented below have total volumes of 25. mL for A, 50. mL for B, and 100. mL for C. If each sphere represents 0.010 mol of ions, calculate (a) the total molarity of ions for each solution (b) the highest molarity of solute (c) the lowest molality of solute (assuming the solution densities are equal) (d) the highest osmotic pressure (assuming ideal behavior). 

Which solution has the highest total molarity of ions ... 

NaCl(aq) isotonic with blood is 0.92% NaCl (mass/volume). For this solution, what is (a) psia ] (b) the total molarity of ions (c) the osmotic pressure at 37 °C (d) the approximate freezing point (Assume that the solution has a density of 1.005 g/mL.)... 

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