Molar ratio, oxygen

In the first step, propylene is introduced at 10—40°C into nitric acid, the concentration of which is kept at 50—75 wt % and molar ratio to propylene at 0.01—0.5, and converted into a-nitratolactic acid and lactic acid. a-Nitratolactic acid is oxidized by oxygen in the second step in the presence of a catalyst at 45—100°C to produce oxahc acid dihydrate. The overall yield based on propylene is greater than 90% and the conversion of propylene, 77.5%. The outhne of the process is shown in Figure 2. The RhcJ)ne-Poulenc process can be characterized by the coproduction of lactic acid. 

A large number of thyroid hormone analogues have been tested for this effect (6). Among others, i-T (3) and 3,3 -T2 (5) and their propionic acid side-chain analogues decrease oxygen consumption at molar ratios of 50—200 1 of T. Nevertheless, no potent or clinically usehil peripheral antagonists have been found. 

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) SCE is a process to reduce NO, to nitrogen and water with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst between 540-840 F (282-449 C). Ammonia is usually injected at a 1 1 molar ratio with the NOx contaminants. Ammonia is used due to its tendency to react only with the contaminants and not with the oxygen in the gas stream. Ammonia is injected by means of compressed gas or steam carriers. Efficiencies near 90% have been reported with SCR. See Exxon Thermal DeNO. ... 

Oxygen inhibition of NO reduction may operate by its greater affinity for hydrogen and CO. Several authors have found that when the molar ratio of 02/C0 is between the stoichiometric ratio of 0.5 and 0.7, the rate of reduction of NO rapidly falls to zero. They concluded that NO reduction can proceed only with an excess of hydrogen and CO 38, 39, 102). Jones et al. have found that below the temperature of 400°F, hydrogen prefers to attack NO instead of oxygen over platinum and palladium. This preference does not extend above 400°F 103). 

The paraffin-water mixture is contacted with a gaseous mixture of sulfur dioxide and oxygen (molar ratio 2 1) at a temperature between 30 and 38°C. The weakly exothermic reaction corresponds to the overall equation ... 

A 4 1 0.04 molar ratio of carboxylic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, and chloranil was used. A 2 1 mixture of chlorine and oxygen was passed into the reaction for 3 hours. 

The defects of the matrix play an important role on luminescent performances in these materials. Taking into consideration the preparation process of these compounds with the solid-state reaction of mixtures of BaC03, H3BO3, and NH4H2PO4 at different molar ratio, non-equal evaporation during the sintering process of these powders is inevitable and thus results in the formation of intrinsic defects, such as cation and oxygen vacancies. Positional disorder of B and Vacant B (Vb)" have been reported in SrBPOs crystals on the basis of... 

It was shown that 2,5-bis(phenoxy)-3,3aA4,4-trithia-l,6-diazapentalene 182 reacts with , v-diami nopolyether nucleophiles 183 in a 1 1 molar ratio to form novel pentaleno crown ethers 184 (see Scheme 21 and Table 24) <1997AG(E)1648>. Macrocycles 184 were readily reduced by treatment with zinc in acetic acid to form the corresponding thioureas 185. The reoxidation is quantitative in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. The complex formation of the starting pentalene 182 and the new crown ether compounds 184 and 185 was investigated (see Section 12.11.7.2). 

Figure 2.10 provides a thermodynamic equilibrium molar fraction of the products of CPO of methane as a function of temperature. It is evident that at temperatures above 800°C, hydrogen and CO (in molar ratio of 2 1) are two major products of the reaction. The oxidant (oxygen or air) and the hydrocarbon feedstock (e.g., methane) are premixed in a mixer... 

The above reaction is close to being quantitative. Stoichiometry was determined by varying molar ratios of reactants. The Cz Hio was identified by mass spectrometry. In this reaction oxygen is abstracted from Cz H80 (THF) by boron to form the B303 unit. Two hydrogens from BH3 add to the C He unit to form C H10 while the third hydrogen adds to the osmium cluster. 

Basset and co-workers (91) found that amino olefins such as allyl amine and the /V.N-dimethyl derivative failed to undergo metathesis, but that unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts were active at 25°C with zero-valent tungsten and molybdenum catalysts when activated with molecular oxygen. Molar ratios of olefin/(mesitylene)W(CO)3/C2H5AlCl2/02 and olefin/Mo(NO)2Cl2[P(Ph)3]/C2H5AlCl2 were 20/1/24/80 and 20/1/24, respectively. Yields were in the 8-23% range. 

Fig. 5. Methane conversion and oxygen flux during partial oxidation of methane in a ceramic membrane reactor. Reaction conditions pressure, 1 atm temperature, 1173 K, feed gas molar ratio, CH Ar = 80/20 feed flow rate, 20 mL min-1 (NTP) catalyst mass, 1.5 g membrane surface area, 8.4 cm2 (57).

According to the information given, you have 0.50 mole of element X (50. g/100. g mole 1 = 0.50 mole). For the oxygen, remember that you will use 16 g/mole for the atomic weight, giving you 2.0 moles of oxygen atoms. A 0.50 2.0 molar ratio is the same as a 1 4 molar ratio, so the answer is X04. 

Chemistry. Partial oxidation of ethanol (POE) involves reaction between ethanol and oxygen with an appropriate 02/Ethanol molar ratio, up to 1.5 over a suitable metal catalyst for the production of H2 and C02 (eqn (18)). The overall reaction may be considered as a combination of partial oxidation to syngas (eqn (19)) coupled with CO oxidation (eqn (20)). The complete oxidation of ethanol will produce a mixture of H20 and C02 with a huge heat release (eqn (21)). 

Si/O Molar ratio Number of bridging oxygens per tetrahedron Number of nonbridging oxygens per tetrahedron Pattern of structure... 

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