Modification by Insertion of Functional Groups onto the Polysaccharide Backbone

1 Modification by Insertion of Functional Groups onto the Polysaccharide Backbone 

One of the effective ways of modifying polysaccharide is by the incorporation of functional groups (e.g. carboxymethyl groups, carboxyethyl groups, etc.) onto its backbone, resulting in new material with modified properties, thereby creating possible diversified applications in new domains as compared to those of the base polysaccharide itself. 

Another method of graft copolymer synthesis is a combination of microwave-based and conventional synthesis, i.e. using both microwave radiation as well as a chemical free radical initiator (e.g. ceric ammonium nitrate) together. This process is referred to as microwave assisted synthesis [47]. Although it yields a higher percentage grafting than the microwave initiated synthesis, the rehability of the synthesis process is low. 

Two profound changes observed due to grafting of polyacrylamide chains (PAM) on a polysaccharide are an increase in hydrodynamic volume and 

2 Synthesis of the Graft Copolymer by Conventional Method (Using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate as a Free Radical Initiator) 

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