Mode mantle normalized

Determination of crystal structure or unit cell volume in isolation of other physical property measurements is the routine practice in much of solid state research under both ambient and non-ambient conditions. This is often necessitated because the cell assemblies required for property measurements are not compatible with X-ray beams typically available in the laboratory. Centralized facilities, such as are available at the synchrotron, provide a cost-effective environment and opportunity to do more definitive experiments. One recent example from the Stony Brook laboratories will suffice to demonstrate what will become, I believe, the normal mode of operation for the study of important phase transitions in the future. For the study of mantle mineralogy, simultaneous measurements of elastic properties, structure and pressure is now established in large volume devices, (Chen et al. 1999) and being established in DACs as well... 

Since 2004, RCMTs are determined inverting also for long-period body waves, modeled by summation of the normal modes of the Earth corrected for large-scale three-dimensional mantle structure, in the same manner as in the Global... 

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