Mixing of Concentrated Emulsions

When droplets are initially not uniformly dispersed inside the flow cell, i.e. the emulsion is not homogeneous, the presence of a shear flow will induce mixing and the flow behavior of the system will be dependent on the spatial distribution of both phases. Therefore, in order to study the flow and mixing of an initially non-homogeneous emulsion it is necessary to obtain information on how both phases 

The flow artifacts detected in the droplet size measurements are similar to those reported by Goux et al. [79] and Mohoric and Stepisnik [80]. In their work natural convection effects led to an increase in the decay of signal attenuation curves, causing over-prediction in the self-diffusion coefficient of pure liquids. In order to avoid flow effects in droplet size distributions, flow compensating pulse sequences such as the double PGSTE should be used. It has been demonstrated recently that this sequence facilitates droplet size measurements in pipe flows [81]. 

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M. A. d Avila, N. C. Shapley, J. H. Walton, S. R. Dungan, R. J. Phillips, R. L. Powell 2003, (Mixing of concentrated emulsions measured by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging), Phys. Fluids 15, 2499. 

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