Mixing guidelines

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Other than the straightforward treatment design cases or where it is otherwise impossible to do so, acid/additive systems should be tested for compatibility with formation fluids (oil and water). It is not always obvious, especially given extreme conditions, how additives will interact with one another and with formation fluids. Service company product and mixing guidelines should not be overlooked. 

German guidelines base the division on the resulting airflow pattern within the room rather than distribution methods. They suggest that airflow patterns be divided into four categories hall-filling mixed flow zonewise mixed flow low-momentum, low-turbulence flow for the air supply in the work region and zonewise displacement ventilation. 

Variations in viscosity of both the incoming and finished products have a dramatic effect on mixer performance. Standard operating procedures should include specific operating guidelines for the range of variation that is acceptable for each application. The recommended range should include adjustments for temperature, flow rates, mixing speeds, and other factors that directly or indirectly affect viscosity. 

Another related technique is the use of critical pathways. A critical pathway or clinical care plan is a detailed plan of care for a specific diagnosis, disease, or procedure [27], It describes the use and timing of all the care activities to try to optimize cost-effectiveness and improve patient outcomes. Critical pathways are much more specific than practice guidelines, which means they tend to take much more effort to produce. However, their comprehensive nature can enhance communication and coordination by different practitioners who are providing care to a particular patient. While critical pathways have been accepted within hospitals, their adoption for ambulatory care has been mixed. 

Weigh out 2 mg of sulfo-SMCC and add it to the above solution. Mix gently to dissolve. To aid in measuring the exact quantity of crosslinker, a concentrated stock solution may be made in water (or DMSO) and an aliquot equal to 2 mg transferred to the reaction solution. If a stock solution is made, it should be dissolved rapidly and used immediately to prevent extensive hydrolysis of the active ester. As a general guideline of addition for a particular protein activation, the use of a 40- to 80-fold molar excess of crosslinker over the amount of protein present usually results in good activation levels. 

In a fume hood, add 0.2 ml of 1 M sodium cyanoborohydride (Aldrich) to each ml of the protein/dextran solution. Mix well. Caution Cyanoborohydride is extremely toxic and should be handled only in well-ventilated fume hoods. Dispose of cyanide-containing solutions according to approved guidelines. 

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