Mix-proof valves

Figure 10.2 Mix-proof valves and valve array commonly used next to a chain of fermenters to hygienically control the transfer of beer and the Cleaning-In-Place cleaning fluid.

Figure 10 J Valve manifold with hygienic mix-proof valves used in a Cleaning-In-Place system.

The flow cell built from solid PTFE, placed in a light-proof steel box was used for the determination of gallic acid. Luminol and KCl solutions were run continuously at 3.5 mL min by the peristaltic pump to the mixing valve, which was mixed further with the carrier water stream pumped at 3.5 mL min [84]. Sensitive ECL inhibition effects in the presence of adrenaline [85], noradrenaline, and DA were observed for Ru(bpy)3 /TPA and Ru(phen)3 /TPA systems. The method was made practical for the determination of commercial pharmaceutical injection samples with satisfied results. Two phenomena, namely potential-dependent ECL and ECL-inhibition, were observed for both Ru(bpy)3 /TPA and Ru(phen)3 /TPA systems. It was found that the Ru(phen)3 /TPA ECL system offers many benefits over Ru(bpy)3 VTPA system including higher ECL intensity, better reproducibility, and larger inhibition sensitivity to bofli noradrenaline and DA. Compared with most conventional spectrometry, electrochemical, and HPLC or CE methods in both the sensitivity and LR, the proposed method is very simple, rapid, and sensitive and is possibly applied for trace analyses of biological samples [86]. 

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