Miscellaneous Radical-Promoted Indole Syntheses

The proclivity of radicals to add to multiple bonds has led numerous investigators to invent new indole ring construction via radical cyclization in addition to those methods previously discussed. 

Indole Ring Synthesis From Natural Products to Drug Discovery, First Edition. Gordon W. Gribble. 2016 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Published 2016 by Jdin WQey Sons, Ltd. 

The adaptation of the Graebe-UUmann carbazole synthesis to indoles was apparently first described by Schmid s group [27, 28], but Wender and Cooper parlayed the 

The Graebe-Ullmann methodology has proved especially valuable in the synthesis of ellipticine and analogues. Using flash vacuum pyrolysis, Miller and StoweU 

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