Reflection from mirror

Fig. 22. Holographic photoanodic etching of CdS the diffraction reflex intensity Jiln, (curve 1), the ratio of the coefficients of mirror reflection from the etched (R) and original, nonetched (R0) surface (curve 2), and the depth of the sinusoidal relief 2h (curve 3) versus the ratio of the passed amount of electricity Q to an optimal amount (0 , ). [From Tyagai et at. (1978).]...

The reflection of light from a silver mirror surface is mostly mirror reflection and the degree of diffuse reflection is very small (up to 2 %). The degree of mirror reflection from this surface is also very close to the ideal reflectance of silver [87,91,92], The silver mirror surface consists of parts parallel to the base and flat on the atomic level with low-step heights between them, as is shown in Fig. 2.28. It is clear that bright metal surfaces must be similar to the surface of the mirror. 

Fig. 4. In the Solar Two Project a molten salt system shown in the scheme replaces Solar One s water/steam system. In operation, "cold" molten salt is pumped from a storage tank to a receiver on a tower. Sunlight reflected from a field of sun-tracking mirrors heats the salt in the receiver to 1050°C. The heated salt then flows down into a hot storage tank where it is pumped to a heat exchanger to produce the steam that drives a turbine. Some of the hot molten salt can also be stored to produce steam on demand at a later time. Salt cooled to 550°C in the steam generator recirculates through the system and...

Fig. 11. Schematic of edge-emitting laser diodes where the arrows represent the direction of laser emission and U represents the active region (a) standard stmcture with cleaved facets for mirrors and (b) distributed feedback (DFB) laser that employs coherent reflection from a grating to generate optical...

Figure 4 Interference pettern created when regularly spaced atoms scatter an incident plane wave. A spherical wave emanates from each atom diffracted beams form at the directions of constructive interference between these waves. The mirror reflection—the (00) beam—and the first- and second-order diffracted beams are shown.

A special feature of the iris is its autonomic innervation. Sympathetic activation widens the aperture of the iris whereas impulses from the parasympa thetic nervous system decrease the aperture size. Therefore adrenergic agonists and anticholinergic compounds both increase the aperture of the iris, i.e., cause mydriasis, and antiadrenergic and cholinergic agonists decrease it, i.e., cause miosis. The iris can thus be considered an excellent mirror reflecting the balance of the autonomic nervous system in the body. " ... 

For a spherical surface such as a lens or mirror, we are able to determine the angle of refraction, or reflection from the ray height at that surface. The angle the surface normal makes relative to the ray as a function of height h above the optical axis is given by... 

A hollow waveguide (HWG) is essentially a hollow tube that transports light from one end to the other either by multiple mirror reflection or by total internal reflection. The hollow structure gives them several advantages (i) a high power threshold, (ii) low insertion losses, (iii) no end reflections, (iv) a small beam divergence, (v) robustness and - especially important for sensor applications - (vi) a wide spectral transmission range. 

It s quite common when driving at night to be dazzled by the lights of the vehicle behind as they reflect from the driver s new-view or door mirror. We can prevent the dazzle by forming a layer of coloured material over the reflecting surface within an electrochromic mirror. Such mirrors are sometimes called smart mirrors or electronic anti-dazzle mirrors . 

If the sample can be cast as a thin, smooth, mirror-like film on a flat surface, the IR spectrum can be measured by measuring an IR light beam made to reflect from this surface (see Figure 8.25). The sample is mounted in air and the light beam travels through air before and after striking the sample. 

Light is reflected from the surface of the fiber, due to the change in refractive index from air into polymer (for PET, n = 1.6). This is specular reflection, similar to reflection from a mirror, and causes no coloration of the reflected light. 

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