Microwave flash distillation

Some new green extraction techniques, aimed at sparing energy and reducing costs, such as solid state and submerse fermentation, enzymatic, microwave- or ultrasound-assisted extraction, ultrafiltration, flash distillation and controlled pressure drop processing [22, 23] have been studied to improve solvent extraction. 

A mixture of an azaheterocyclic compound (5.0 mmol), alkyl halide (7.5 mmol), tetrabutylammonium bromide - TBAB (0.17 g, 0.50 mmol), and potassium carbonate (2.8 g, 20 mmol) or mixture of potassium carbonate (2.8 g, 20 mmol) and potassium hydroxide (1.1 g, 20 mmol) was heated in a domestic microwave oven in an open Erlenmeyer flask for an appropriate time. After being cooled down, the reaction mixture was extracted with methylene chloride or THF (2x25 mL). Then the extract was dried with MgSCL, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated to dryness. Liquid compounds were purified on Kugelrohr distillation apparatus, while solid compounds were purified by means of flash chromatography to afford desired 77-alkyl derivatives of azalieterocycle compound, yield 58-95%. 

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