Microscopic Artificial Swimmer

We discuss the performance of the swimmer by studying two quantities. First, we determine its average speed D by averaging the velocity Oo of the load particle over one actuation cycle  

the bar in the denominator means average over one actuation cycle. The efficiency indicates how much energy from the total energy used to actuate the swimmer is employed to move the load particle forward with velocity v = o.  

I max = 7.31 10 ni/ ) efficiency (in units of Imjx = 1.54 10 ) as a function of sperm number Sp and load size Oo in units of a. The filled and open circles indicate, respectively, 

The studies presented so far were performed for angular amplitudes of the oscillating field between 40° and 60°. If this angle is increased further and for sufficiently large Sp, a symmetry breaking transition occurs and the swimmer does not move any longer along the z-axis [57]. 

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R. Dreyfus Magnetic Filaments Application to the Conception of Force Sensor and Artificial Microscopic Swimmers. Ph.D thesis, Paris VI University (2005). 

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