Microorganisms acid phosphatase

Table 7,6, Pulmonary acid phosphatase levels in chicken, 6 days after an intravenous injection of different heat-killed microorganisms...

Fig. 10.15. Heating of milk. 1-3 Pasteurization 1 high temperature treatment, 2 short time and 3 long time heat treatment 4 and 5 UHT treatment 4 indirect and 5 direct 6 sterilization, a Killing pathogenic microorganisms Tubercle bacilli as labelling organism), b c inactivation of alkaline/acid phosphatase, d, d2, d denat-uration (5, 40, 100%) of whey proteins, e casein heat coagulation,/ start of milk browning...

In addition to its archetypical members, uteroferrin and bovine spleen add phosphatase, the class of purple add phosphatases includes proteins isolated from rat bone and. spleen spleens of patients with Gaucher s disease or leukemic reticuloen-dotheliosis equine uterine flushings bovine cortical bone giant ceU tumors human placenta and microorganisms . The plant enzymes include an Fe-Zn phosphatase from red kidney beans and an Fe-Fe or Mn(in) protein from sweet potato tubers . Although less well-defined and more heterogeneous than their mammalian counterparts, the color and iron content of the plant enzymes warrant their designation as purple acid phosphatases. 

Calycnlin A (38) is an extraordinary metabolite composed of C28 fatty acid and two y-amino acids isolated from the sponge Discodermia calyx. It is not only highly antifnngal and antitnmor bnt also a potent cancer promoter that was fonnd to be cansed by potent inhibition of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (1). More than 15 calycnlin derivatives were isolated from several marine sponges, which indicates the involvement of symbiotic microorganisms in the prodnction of calycnhns (6). 

Tautomycin was obtained from the terrestrial microorganism Streptomyces spiroverticillatus and is chemically characterised as an ester of a carboxylic acid derived fi om a dialkyl maleic anhydride, with a long chain (26-C) polyol containing two cyclic ethers. In a simultaneous study of the best-known natural inhibitory compounds of PP2A, in which the non-radioactive malachite green assay was applied, tautomycin was the least potent compound [144]. This is consistent with the findings reported by Honkanen et al. [129] and other authors. Its primary site of phosphatase inhibition is PPlc, as was reported in a comparative study with okadaic acid and calyculin A [131]. 

Amino acid oxidase, Aspergillus oryzae enzyme, Chymotrypsin, Diastase, Emulsin, Hexokinase, Gluco-syltransf erase, Hog kidney enzyme, Iso-merase. Papain, Phosphatase, Pseudomonas extract Microorganisms Soil bacteria Acetobacter sub-oxydans. Streptococcus faecalis Fungi (Mold), Yeast CN-... 

Thus a thiamine derivative plays a metabolic role as cocarboxylase, which has been found to be inactivated by a specific phosphatase of yeast (122,123). The inactivation was inhibited by thiamine itself and to a lesser degree by thiamine monophosphate and the pyrimidine constituent of the thiamine molecule. Synthesis and breakdown of thiamine by Phycomyces species have also been studied (9,45,98). Pyridoxine derivatives are now known to catalyze two t3T)cs of bacterial reactions, involving transamination and decarboxylation of amino acids (4,32,35,59). Interconversion between members of the group of substances of natural occurrence which are related to pyridoxine has been observed in microorganisms and appears likely to afford a series of changes comparable to those observed in nicotinic acid dreivatives. Production of folic acid from chemically defined precursors by bacterial suspensions has also been observed (110,111). 

---