Microglia cells

In general, the higher the intracellular ROS concentration is, the higher the inflammatory response will be in the microglia cells. However, prolonged ROS exposure will induce cumulative events harmful to the cell s survival, such as lipid peroxidation and modification of proteins. Eventually the activated microglia... 

The cellular sources for the polarized immune response in the CNS are astrocytes and microglia cells. Microglial cells, deriving fi omperipheral macrophages, secrete preferably type-1 cytokines such as IL-12, while astrocytes inhibit the production of IL-12 andICAM-1 and secrete the type-2 cytokine IL-10 (Xiao and Link, 1999 Alois etal., 1997). Therefore, the type-l/type-2 imbalance in the CNS seems to be represented... 

Transferrin synthesised by the oligodendrites in the brain will bind the majority of the iron that traverses the blood—brain barrier after the oxidation of the iron, possibly by a glycophosphoinositide-linked ceruloplasmin found in astrocytic foot processes that surround brain endothelial cells. Neurons acquire iron from diferric transferrin. However, the source of iron within microglia cells is unclear — other phagocytic cells such as macrophages, take up iron via transferrin receptors and release iron via ferroportin. 

Cammermeyer, J., The life history of the microglia cell. A light microscopic study, in Neurosciences Research, Ephrenpresis, S. and Solinitzky, D. C., Eds., Academic Press, New York, 1970, 43-129. 

Schnitzer, J. and Scherer, J., Microglia cell responses in the rabbit retina following transection of the optic nerve, J. Comp. Neurol., 302, 779, 1990. 

Elickey, W. F. and Kimura, EL, Perivascular microglia cells of the CNS are bone marrow-derived and present antigen in vivo, Science, 239, 290, 1988. 

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