Microbial cleavage

Rosenberg A, Alexander M. 1979. Microbial cleavage of various organophosphorus insecticides. Appl Environ Microbiol 37 886-891. 

White GF, JR Snape (1993) Microbial cleavage of nitrate esters defusing the environment. J Gen Microbiol 139 1947-1957. 

Microbial cleavage of Penicillin-G into 6-AMP and phenylacetate is as shown below ... 

Microbial cleavage of sterol side-chains has been reviewed. Nocardia sp. M29-40 is reported to degrade /8-sitosterol to the hydroxyhexahydroindanone... 

Rosenberg, A. and M. Alexander. Microbial Cleavage of Various Oiganophosphoras Insecticides, pp/. Environ. Microbiol, 37(5) 886-891 (1979). 

Cleavage of Carbon—Carbon Bonds. Under appropriate conditions, the propanoid side chain in lignin maybe mptured to form three-, two-, or one-carbon fragments. This carbon—carbon fragmentation occurs in a variety of laboratory treatments and technical processes such as in bleaching of chemical pulps with CI2, CIO2, and O2, in microbial degradation (15), and in photooxidation (16). 

Mars AE, T Kasberg, SR Kaschabek, MH van Agteren, DB Janssen, W Reineke (1997) Microbial degradation of chloroaromatics use of the mefa-cleavage pathway for mineralization of chlorobenzene. J Bacterial 179 4540-4537. 

Harper DB (1977) Microbial metabolism of aromatic nitriles. Enzymology of C-N cleavage by Nocardia sp. (Rhodochrous group) NCIB 11216. Biochem J 165 309-319. 

Zeyer J, A Wasserfallen, KN Timmis (1985) Microbial mineralization of ring-substituted anilines through an ort/jo-cleavage pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol 50 447-453. 

Block DW, F Lingens (1992b) Microbial metabolism of qninoline and related compounds XIV. Purification and properties of lH-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinoline oxygenase, a new extradiol cleavage enzyme from Pseudomonas putida strain 33/1. Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler 370 343-349. 

Dias, A.C.P, Cabral, J.M.S. and Pinheiro, H.M. (1994) Sterol side-chain cleavage with immobilized Mycobacterium cells in water-immiscible organic solvents. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 16, 708-714. 

Two patents were awarded on microbial desulfurization of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compound [155,156], the first targeting DBT and alkylated DBTs and the other benzothiophenes and alkylated benzothiophenes. In both cases, the selective cleavage of the C—S bonds is reported as the main mechanism. The claimed bacteria strains are Mycobacterium G3 strain (PERM P-16105) and R. erythropolis KA2-5-1 strain (PERM P-16277), respectively. Special emphasis was made to the desulfurization of the recalcitrant 4,6-dimethyl-dibenzothiophene. The main product from DBT... 

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