Meuse

Autopsies of animals in the Meuse Valley, Donora, and London episodes described in Chapter 16, Section III, revealed evidence of pulmonary edema. Breathing toxic pollutants is not, however, the major form of pollutant intake for cattle ingestion of pollution-contaminated feeds is the primary mode. 

During the period December 1-5, 1930, an intense fog occupied the heavily industrialized Meuse Valley between Liege and Huy (about 24 km) in eastern Belgium (1). Several hundred persons had respiratory attacks primarily beginning on the 4th and 63 persons died on the 4th and 5th after a few hours of sickness. On December 6 the fog dissipated the respiratory difficulties improved and, in general, rapidly ceased. 

Discuss the simularities of the three major episodes of polluhon (Meuse Valley, Donora, and London). 

Sorta E. and MeUs L.A., Block length distribution in finite polycondensation copolymers. Polymer, 19, 1153, 1978. 

Certain areas are unusually susceptible to air pollution disasters. One during 1930, in the Meuse Valley of Belgium, caused the premature death of over 60 people. Another in 1948 at Donora, Pa., caused 20 deaths. A third resulted in the deaths of 22 people at Poza Rica, Mexico. The greatest occurred Dec. 5-9, 1952, in London, England. Over 4,000 people are estimated to have died from respiratory ailments as a result of the smog. Each of these occurred in an industrial valley at the time of a temperature inversion.16... 

Descy JP (1987) Phytoplankton composition and dynamics in the river Meuse (Belgium). Arch fur Hydrobiol 78 225-245... 

Joubert AVP, Lucas L, Garrido F, Joulian C, Jauzein M (2007) Effect of temperature, gas phase composition, pH and microbial activity on As, Zn, Pb and Cd mobility in selected soils in the Ebro and Meuse Basins in the context of global change. Environ Pollut 148 749-758... 

The Dommel is a small tributary (1,350 km2) of the Meuse River. It originates in Belgium, crosses the border in the south of the Netherlands (Kempen region) and... 

Nolet, B.A., V.A.A. Dijkstra, and D. Heidecke. 1994. Cadmium in beavers translocated from the Elbe River to the Rhine/Meuse estuary, and the possible effect on population growth rate. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 27 154-161. 

Hendriks, A.J., H. Pieters, and J. de Boer. 1998. Accumulation of metals, polycyclic (halogenated) aromatic hydrocarbons, and biocides in zebra mussel and eel from the Rhine and Meuse Rivers. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 1885-1898. 

Netherlands 1994 Rhine-Meuse Delta vs. reference site Earthworm, Eisenia rosea whole, Illinois ... 

The Netherlands 1994 Rhine-Meuse Basin vs. reference location ... 

Zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha Netherlands 1994 soft parts Meuse River vs. reference site ... 

Sediments were mainly sampled in autumn. Two samples taken in spring showed concentrations comparable with those found for the same locations in autumn. Significant levels of 0.3—2.8 p-g g-1 dry weight (d.w.) of NPEO were found in the Dommel, a small tributary of the river Meuse, in samples taken downstream from the effluent discharge of a municipal WWTP, and in samples from the Rhine, Scheldt and Meuse rivers. Elevated levels of NP (0.5—3.8 p,g g-1) were... 

Fig. 6.2.2. Spatial concentration trend of NPEO in suspended matter from samples taken from the river Meuse (source Ref. [31]).

Two studies conducted between November 2000 and November 2001 in the neighbouring countries of The Netherlands (five locations at the rivers Rhine and Meuse) [13] and Germany (21 rivers and streams belonging to the river Rhine catchment area in Hesse) [14] allow for some comparison to be made. Dissolved aqueous concentrations... 

Particulate matter was also analysed during July and September 2001 at the same sampling points (Table 6.2.5). Significant levels of NPEO (0.18 - 5.2 pgg-1 d.w.) and NP (0.75 - 4.9 pgg-1 d.w.) were found in all samples of the rivers Rhine and Meuse. In the 30 samples investigated, from the NPECs only NPE2C could be detected and this was found only in two samples. No seasonal differences could be observed for NP or NPEO. 

Dissolved aqueous concentrations of NP, NPEO and NPEC in samples collected in 2001 from the rivers Meuse and Rhine, The Netherlands (pgL-1)... 

Internal standard not recovered, analysis not reliable for Meuse D July. 

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