Metoclopramide base

An example from pharmaceutical quahty control can serve as a model here. In the analysis of suppositories, the matrix components (e.g. wax) are displaced by a nonpolar solvent for a few centimeters beyond the solvent front of the subsequent chromatography of the substance, and this can then proceed through the matrix without further problems. Figure 65 shows the chromatogram of GastrosU suppositories (active substance metoclopramide base) after derivatization in an iodine chamber. The matrix components are clearly visible in the upper part of the plate. 

Example Metoclopramide base from Gastrosil suppositories. The first solvent system, which is polar, displaces the suppository mass beyond the later solvent front of the main TLC run. 

Figure 87. Identification of metoclopramide base and polidocanol in a suppository mass after dipping in a modified Dragendorff reagent...

Lane 1 metoclopramide base, lane 2 polydocanol, lane 3 witepsol (suppository base), lane 4 suppository (dipping height is not the SS front)... 

Chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine, methylprednisolone, lorazepam, metoclopramide, dexamethasone, or dronabinol may be used for adult patients. Around the clock dosing should be considered. The choice of specific agent should based on patient specific factors, including potential for adverse drug reactions, and cost. SSRIs are effective for breakthrough nausea and vomiting but they are not superior to the less expensive antiemetics above. 

C. Tas, C. K. Ozkan, A. Savaser, Y. Ozkan, U. Tasdemir, and H. Altunav. Nasal absorption of metoclopramide from different Carbopol 981 based formulations In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 64 246-254... 

Figure 1.12. a) Electron impact and b) part of the methane chemical ionisation spectra of the drug metoclopramide. In El, the molecular ion is not observed while in Cl the quasi-molecular ion is the base peak [131]... 

Recommendation 4. For the prevention of delayed emesis after cisplatin therapy in adults, dexamethasone with metoclopramide or a SSRI is recommended. Thechoice of agent should be based on patient-specific factors and cost. For delayed emesis after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, or carboplatin therapy, a SSRI with dexamethasone is recommended. In pediatric patients, chlorpromazine, lorazepam, or a SSRI can be used in combination with a corticosteroid. 

Metoclopramide hydrochloride controlled release suppositories were prepared by mixing Witepsol W35 with 30 % lecithin [13]. The metoclopramide is incorporated in this base in a (solid) reversed micellar solution. The diffusion rate of the active substance from the melted suppository in contact with the aqueous rectum fluid was very low. Compared to licensed normal metoclopramide suppositories a five times longer mean residence time was found in vivo for the lecithin suppositories. 

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