Methyl alkyl poly siloxane

The compounds I and II represent intermediates for the synthesis of either carboxy functional or amino functional polysiloxanes. To this end I or II is either saponified with sodium hydroxide and concomitantly polycon-densated to a poly(carboxylaIky1 methyl siloxane) (III) or reduced to an amino alkyl methyl dialkoxy silane with sodium borohydride (J 5). ... 

In addition to providing fully alkyl/aryl-substituted polyphosphazenes, the versatility of the process in Figure 2 has allowed the preparation of various functionalized polymers and copolymers. Thus the monomer (10) can be derivatized via deprotonation—substitution, when aP-methyl (or P—CH2—) group is present, to provide new phosphoranimines some of which, in turn, serve as precursors to new polymers (64). In the same vein, polymers containing a P—CH3 group, for example, poly(methylphenylphosphazene), can also be derivatized by deprotonation—substitution reactions without chain scission. This has produced a number of functionalized polymers (64,71—73), including water-soluble carboxylate salts (11), as well as graft copolymers with styrene (74) and with dimethyl siloxane (12) (75). 

Silicone Oils. Silicone refers to a siloxane polymer. The name itself derives from early research in which it was thought that oxygen was bound to silicon via a double bond such as found in a ketone. The simplest of these polymers are the poly(dimethylsiloxane)s. Poly(dimethylsil-oxane)s are made by hydrolyzing dimethyldichlorosilane with hydrochloric acid (9). Dimethyldichlorosilane is, in turn, made by the Rochow reaction. In this reaction, an alkyl halide (RX), methyl chloride in this instance, is treated with silicon metal in the presence of a catalyst (usually copper). The reaction results in a number of products that are separated by distillation (10). 

Typical polymeric pseudostationary phases include micelle polymers, polymeric surfactants, water-soluble anionic siloxanes and dendrimers [223-231]. Micelle polymers [e.g. poly(sodium 10-undecylenate), poly (sodium 10-undecenylsulfate), poly(sodium undeconylvalinate), etc.] are synthesized from polymerizable surfactant monomers at a concentration above their critical micelle concentration. These polymers have similar structures to micelles without the dynamic nature of the micelle structure. Polymeric surfactants are polymers with surfactant properties [e.g. acrylate copolymers, such as 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid and alkyl methacrylamide, alkyl methacrylate or alkyl acrylate, poly (ally lamine)-supported phases, poly(ethyleneimine), etc]. Water-soluble anionic siloxane polymers are copolymers of alkylmethylsiloxane... 

When the two methyl groups are replaced by longer alkyls such as ethyl, propyl and butyl the fusion process becomes more complex. An example of the thermogram, obtained by differential scanning calorimetry, is given in Fig. 6.7 for the fusion of poly(dipropyl siloxane).(148) Two of the endotherms, labeled A and B... 

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