Metal interaction chromatography applications

In 1970s, first application of metal-chelate affinity chromatography which is later named as "immobilized-metal (ion) affinity chromatography (IMAC) was perfomed. Metal-chelate chromatography technique exploits selective interactions and affinity between transition metal immobilized on a solid support (resin) via a metal chelator and amino acid residues which act as electron donors in the protein of interest [25-26]. As well as aromatic and heterocyclic compounds, proteins such as histidine, tyrosine, tyriptophane and phenylalanine posses affinity to transition metals which form complexes with compounds rich in electrons [25,27]. 

Abbreviations for type of application IEX Ion Exchange, HIC Hydrophobic interaction chromatography, AF Affinity chromatography, RP Reverse phase, IMAC Immobilized metal affinity chromatography. 

Zappoli, S., Morselli, L., and Osti, F. Application of ion interaction chromatography to the determination of metal ions in natural water samples. J. Chmmatogr. A. 1996, 721, 269-277. 

A variety of micropellicular packing materials has been developed for the analysis of both small and large molecules by various HPLC modes, including ion exchange (lEC), metal interaction (MIC), reversed phase (RPC) [4], and affinity chromatography (AC) [5]. Besides analytical applications, other possible utilization of micropellicular stationary phases includes fundamental kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the retention mechanisms on a well-defined surface. Nevertheless, a relatively limited variety of micropellicular... 

Means, J.J., Crerar, D.A. and Amster, T.L., 1977. Application of gel filtration chromatography to evaluation of organo-metallic interactions in natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr., 22 957—965. 

The nature of the stationary phase and the composition of the eluent used in a particular 1C method is dependent on the separation mechanism to be employed. While a wide variety of separation mechanisms can be found in 1C, those most applicable to the separation of inorganic cations are ion exchange chromatography, ion interaction chromatography, and reversed phase chromatography. Similarly, diverse detection methods are employed in 1C, but those most suited to the detection of metal ions include conductivity and spectrophotometric detection after postcolumn reaction with a suitable color-forming reagent. 

D.F. Hilton and P.R. Ifaddad, Determination of metal-cyano complexes by reversed-phase ion interaction high-performance liquid chromatography and its application to the analysis of precious metals in gold processing solutions,/. Chromaiogr.. 561, 141. 1986. 

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