Mesoporous-macroporous titanium

Meso-macroporous titanium phosphates with multiscaled and tunable porosity can also be prepared either by the use of a neutral surfectant or by the template-free method, but always via the self-formation phenomenon (Figure 32.16e-h) [126]. The formation of well-defined small macropore (50-160 nm in size) systems constructed from mesopores with a wormhole-like array could be spontaneously achieved in the absence of any surfactant molecule and/or external template (such as colloid crystals and emulsion droplets), while... 

This is a combined organic-inorganic membrane that comprises a macropor-ous a-alumina substrate (tubular or multichannel), an intermediate mesopor-ous inorganic titanium oxide layer (thickness 1 pm) and a microporous Nafion polymer top-layer (thickness less than 0.1 pm). The overall performance and... 

We carried out comparative studies of the effect of the porous structure of carbon materials on electrochemical electrode characteristics using various carbide carbons (CCs). Main structural characteristics for CCs based on silicon carbide are presented in Table 27.3 and those for titanium carbide are in Table 27.4. Specific surface areas were calculated on the basis of the nitrogen adsorption data with calculation using the DFT technique. This method is used to measure micropores and mesopores, but not macropores. 

IR-ATR, UV/vis, XPS, and XAFS measurements led to the conclusion that up to a Si Ti ratio of 35 1, well-dispersed titanium centers in a macro/mesoporous Si02 network with a specific surface area up to 582 m and mainly fourfold coordinated Ti centers have been obtained. An increase of the Ti content resulted in a decrease of the specific surface area, as well as a loss of the cellular character of the macroporous network and an increasing content of Ti in octahedral coordination. With the Si Ti ratio of 1 1, silica-titania powders with 100 m g and anatase domains within the Si02 matrix were obtained. 

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