Meier’s rule

Sometimes it is hard to identify the nucleophilic and electrophilic sites in a compound. In this case, obey Meier s rule When in doubt, draw in all the lone pairs, and draw resonance structures until the cows come home. Often the... 

Obey Meier s rule When in doubt, draw resonance structures Often, carbocations are drawn in just one of their resonance forms, and sometimes not even in the stablest form. It is up to you to see the different resonance forms and to see how they impinge on the energy and reactivity of the carbocation. 

Sometimes it is hard to identify the nucleophilic and electrophilic sites in a compound. In this case, obey Meier s rule When in doubt, draw in all the lone pairs, and draw resonance structures until the cows come home. Often the second-best resonance structure for a compound shows where the electrophilic and basic sites are in that compound. For example, the second-best resonance structure for acetone shows that the carbonyl C is electrophilic and the O is nucleophilic. If resonance stmctures are drawn for anisole, it is easy to see why reaction with the electrophile NOi always occurs at the ortho or para positions, never at the meta position. 

An alternative approach to identifying the (somewhat ambivalent) rejection of H, in the ANOVA test is to use a different test for outliers. Several such tests are available but one of the most robust appears (Meier 2000) to be Huber s elimination rule that was not originally formulated as an outlier test (Davies 1988). Moreover, this Huber-Davies test is extremely easy to apply. The first step is to rearrange the test measurement values in increasing order (as for the Multiple-Range Test), thus [xj = 5.51 X3 = 5.91 x, = 6.08 Xj = 7.01 X4 = 7.09]. This allows selection of the median value Xjj,ed(= = 6.08 in our case). The absolute values of the differences i.med = In medl 6 then Calculated and arranged also in... 

Tony Ashworth, Trench Warfare, 191 1918 (New York Holmes Meier Publishers 1980) p. 1. Quotation fix)m p. 59. Although hand grenades could have been used in these close combat situations, tacit rules developed by both sides ( it would have made life intolerable ) throughout World War I disallowed lobbing bombs at one another s trenches, p. 118. 

Steven Mufson, Experts, Rivals Blast BP s Praetiees, WP, November 10, 2010, at A4 (culture quote) Ian Urbina, Workers on Doomed Rig Voiced Concern on Safety, NYT, July 21, 2010, at Ai (drilling priorities quote) Sarah Lyall, In BP s Record, A History of Boldness and Costly Blunders, NYT, July 13, 2010, at Ai (chronically unable quote, equipment assessment) Abraham Lustgarten Ryan Knutson, Reports at BP Over the Years Find History of Problems, WP, June 8, 2010, at Ai Barry Meier, Gulf Rig Owner is Known for Testing the Rules, NYT, July 9, 2010, at A2 Clifford Krauss Tom Zeller, Jr., A Behind-the-Seenes Firm is Caught in the Spotlight, NYT, May 24, 2010, at Bi (push envelope quote). 

---