Measurement of surface charges

W. S. Chow and J. Barber, 9-Aminoacridine fluorescence changes as a measure of surface charge density of the thylakoid membrane, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 589, 346-352 (1980). 

R. A. Osteryoung and coworkers [5] have performed chronocoulometric measurements of surface charge density at a controlled-growth mercury electrode. After initial formation and equilibration of the mercury drop, it was expanded by further addition of mercury and the charge corresponding to the new area was directly measured. The obtained value... 

Davies, J. E., The importance and measurement of surface charge species in cell behaviour at the biomaterial interface, in Surface Characterization of Biomaterials Progress in Biomedical Engineering, Volume 6 (B. D. Ratner, Ed.), pp. 219-234. Elsevier, New York, 1988. 

The measurement of surface charges requires special capacitive probes that define the actual area being measured. In the measurement of bulk charges, often referred to as space charges, the extra dimension that defines the depth of charge in the material is usually probed by means of some kind of pulse that travels through the material. 

Fig. 7.3 Measurement of surface charge density with a field probe (a) diagram of experimental arrangement, (b) equivalent electrical circuit.

Lewis-Russ, a. 199 . Measurement of surface charge of inorganic geological materials Techniques and their consequences. In Advances in agronomy, ed D. L, Sparks, voi. 46, pp. 199-243. New York Academic Press, Inc. Liang, L., and J. J. Morgan. 1990. Chemical aspects of iron oxide coagulation in water Laboratory studies and implications for natural systems. Aquatic Sciences 52(0 32-55. 

Experimental Measurement of Surface Charges. If the fixed charge of an oxide particle a (C m" ) arises from the specific adsorption of H, OH", cations, and anions by the hydrous oxide surface, it is possible to determine (in principle) its value by determining experimentally (analytically) the extent of adsorption of charged species ... 

Reedyk, C. Perlman, M. (1968). Method for measurement of surface charge on electrets. 

Electrokinetic Sonic Amplitude (ESA), for measurement of surface charges on pigments. 

Reedyk and Pearlman (334) used another vibnting eketrode method for the measurement of surface charge (FV- 1 )- Fhey calculated the electric field , in the air ftp between the electrode and the surface of the sample as... 

---