Matter capacity density

In contrast to B, we will call 6 the matter capacity density. 

The matter capacity density 6 can be easily calculated from B ... 

They can be written as the quotient conductivity/capacity density, as would be expected. The more conductive the medium, the more quickly the potential differences equalize. The larger the amount to be transported, i.e., the higher the capacities at equal potential differences, the longer it will take. Because cb = cbcob describes the matter conductivity [Eq. (20.6)] and 6b = Cb/ F the matter capacity density (Sect. 6.7), the following is valid ... 

Synowietz, C. in "Landolt — Bornstein Numerical Constants and Functions, New Series, Group IV, Macroscopic and Technical Properties of Matter, Vol. 1, Densities of Liquid Systems and their Heat Capacities, Part b" Springer Verlag Berlin, 1977, pp. 69-70. 

The approach to the critical point, from above or below, is accompanied by spectacular changes in optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. These include critical opalescence (a bright milky shimmering flash, as incident light refracts through intense density fluctuations) and infinite values of heat capacity, thermal expansion coefficient aP, isothermal compressibility /3r, and other properties. Truly, such a confused state of matter finds itself at a critical juncture as it transforms spontaneously from a uniform and isotropic form to a symmetry-broken (nonuniform and anisotropically separated) pair of distinct phases as (Tc, Pc) is approached from above. Similarly, as (Tc, Pc) is approached from below along the L + G coexistence line, the densities and other phase properties are forced to become identical, erasing what appears to be a fundamental physical distinction between liquid and gas at all lower temperatures and pressures. 

Hassink, I, Whitmore, A. P., and Kubat, J. (1997). Size and density fractionation of soil organic matter and the physical capacity of soils to protect organic matter. Eur. J. Agron. 7,189-199. 

The continued addition of matter increases the density and temperature of the core until H2 begins to dissociate. The dissociation consumes heat, which holds temperature approximately constant, i.e. the heat capacity becomes very high and y - 1. The stability condition y >4/3 becomes violated and a new collapse of the core ensues. The core collapses until all H2 is dissociated and the H finally becomes ionized. The temperature then increases again with further contraction and the second core is formed that approaches stellar density. The second collapse phase is short and lasts for a solar-type star of the order of 103 years. By this event a protostellar embryo is born, which continues to grow in mass by collecting the remaining material from its environment. 

The other group of properties are the intensive properties these are characteristic of the substance (or substances) present, and are independent of its (or their) amount. Temperature and pressure are intensive properties, and so also are refractive index, viscosity, density, surface tension, etc. It is because pressure and temperature are intensive properties, independent of the quantity of matter in the system, that they are frequently used as variables to describe the thermodynamic state of the system. It is of interest to note that an extensive property may become an intensive property by specifying unit amount of the substance concerned. Thus, mass and volume are extensive, but density and specific volume, that is, the mass per unit volume and volume per unit mass, respectively, are intensive properties of the substance or system. Similarly, heat capacity is an extensive property, but specific heat is intensive. 

The capacity of a particulate matter to be compacted. Compressibility may be expressed as the pressure to reach a required density or, alternately, the density at a given pressure synonymous with compactibility. The ratio of the volume of the loose particulate matter to the volume of the compact made from it synonymous with fill ratio. 

Organic matter that improves soil aggregation and aeration and decreases bulk density usually has little effect on moisture storage capacity. Aggregation commonly increases the volume of large pores but reduces the volume of pores that store moisture. However, the improvement in soil structure and aeration of fine-textured soils has such a favorable effect on root growth that the roots ramify into a larger volume of soil, and thereby secure much more moisture for the crop than they could otherwise obtain. 

Soil bulk density (weight of dry soil per unit volume) usually decreases as a result of flooding. This is due to the high water-absorption capacity of organic matter and the destruction of soil aggregates. 

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