Materials experiments using modem

Several experiments were devoted to the study of polymers. One was devoted to the study of spin-coating (121). A second uses light scattering to measure polymer sizes (122). There were several approaches to polymer kinetics (39, 123, 124, 125). Finally there was one study using differential scanning calorimetry to study polymer glasses (126). All of these experiments on modem materials can be found listed in Table VIII. 

In the development of modem experiments, there were a large number of experiments developed using lasers and the NMR. More development would be welcome in experiments using MS, AFM, and STM. In addition, more experiments devoted to characteristics of modem materials, to environmental chemistry, and especially to the physical chemistry of biological and biologically relevant systems are needed. 

If an unstable species is generated continuously in a flow system, its decay establishes steady-state concentrations that decrease with distance downstream from the point of generation. It is thus possible to detect spectroscopically the unstable intermediate, though, of course, the spectra will necessarily be complicated by the presence of unreacted reagents or carrier material. Flow methods may be used to look at unstable species in the gas phase or in solution. They are ideally suited to kinetic measurements since, if the velocity of the flow of gas or liquid is known, it is possible to measure the rate of decay of the species under investigation. Early experiments used UV-visible absorption or emission to monitor the species in the flow however, such methods give only limited structural data. A more modem innovation is the use of tunable IR lasers to obtain high-resolution vibrational spectra. 

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