Markovnikoff s rule

Mark-Houwink equation phys chem The relationship between intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight for homogeneous linear polymers. mark hau.wigk l.kwa-zhan Markovnikoff s rule org chem in an addition reaction, the additive molecule RH adds as H and R, with the R going to the carbon atom with the lesser number of hydrogen atoms bonded to it. mar kov-ns.kofs, riil ... 

Maleic acid, 338 Maionic ester, 380 Markovnikoff s rule, 96 Mass spectroscopy, 247/T Mechanism, alcohol dehydration, 92 alkane halogenation, 56 benzyne, 217 El and E2, UOff SnI and Sn2, 122 ... 

Arts. Markovnikoff s rule is used The H fragment from the reagent adds to that carbon of the double bond which already has more hydrogens. The rule is often stated as The rich (in hydrogens) get richer. For addition of HCl to 1-butene, C-1 receives H from HCl since it has more hydrogens than C-2. 

In the case of higher alkenes (more than two carbon atoms) several isomeric products are possible. The particular isomer produced depends on the stability of the alternative intermediates and this is summarized empirically by Markovnikoff s rule. See also addition reaction. 

Markovnikoff s rule /mar-koff-ni-koffs/ A rule that predicts the quantities of the products formed when an acid (HA) adds to the double bond in an alkene. If the alkene is not symmetrical two products may result for instance (CH3)2C CH2 can yield either (CH3)2HCCH2A or (CH3)2ACCH3. The rule states that the major product will be the one in which the hydrogen atom attaches itself to the carbon atom with the larger number of hydrogen atoms. In the example above, therefore, the major product is (CH3)2ACCH3. 

Remember also to assign a positive charge to the molecule before submitting it to calculation. This is usually done in the menus where you select the type of calculation. Compare your results for the two calculations. Which carbocation will lead to the major product Do your results agree with the prediction made by Markovnikoff s Rule ... 

Mercaptans add to olefins in good yields according to Markovnikoff s rule in the presence of sulfuric acid, boron trifluoride, or sulfur and also in an anti-Markovnikoff fashion in the presence of peroxides or via photochemical means. Vinyl chloride and allyl alcohol give lower yields than conjugated olehnic ketones, aldehydes, esters, and cyanides. Cupric acetate or triethylamine can be used as a catalyst for the reaction of methyl mercaptan with acrolein to give p-mercaptopropionaldehyde in 84% yield. Allene reacts homolytically with methanethiol to give allyl sulfide and the 1,3- and 1,2-dimethyl-thiopropanes. 

Malonic ester synthesis, 60, 74 Mannich reaction, 157 Markovnikoff addition, 178 anti-, 178, 180 Markovnikoff s rule, 29 McFadyen-Stevens reaction, 50 Michael condensation, 157 Michael reaction, 94... 

The regioselective addition of HX to alkenes produces the more substituted alkyl halide, which is known as the Markovnikov (Markovnikoff) product. Markovnikov s rule states that on addition of HX to an alkene, H attaches to the carbon with fewest alkyl groups and X attaches to the carbon with most alkyl groups . This can be explained by the formation of the most stable intermediate carbocation. 

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