Markers tumor suppressor genes

Thor, A., Moore II, D., Edgerton, S., Kawasaki, E., Reibsaus, E., Lynch, H., Marcus, J., Schwartz, L., Chen, L.-C., Mayall, B., and Smith, H. (1992) Accumulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene protein an independent marker of prognosis in breast cancers. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst. 84, 845-855. 

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that have been linked to specific types of cancer are identified in Table 42.1. Table 42.2 relates oncogenic markers of selected cancers to disease prognosis and treatment strategy. 

This approach is based on the discovery that carcinogens cause specific mutations in tumors. The unique pattern in UV-induced skin cancers has been identified in the p53-tumor-suppressor gene (Brash et al. 1991 Reid et al. 1992 Somers et al. 1992 Moles et al. 1993 Ziegler et al. 1993 Nakazawa et al. 1994), a key gene which is mutated in more than 50% of all tumors (Greenblatt et al. 1994 HoUstein et al. 1991, 1996). The specific mutations can then be used as a molecular marker for UV-induced skin cancer. We hypothesize that such an indicator can also be found for tar-induced (one example of chemically-induced) SCC skin tumors, which can be differentiated from the genetic marker for UV-induced skin tumors. This proposed study will produce a clearer picture as to the exact nature of occupational skin cancer caused by tar. In addition, it will provide further evidence as to the use of molecular epidemiology in cancer risk assessment. 

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