Manual grinding

Braga, Grepioni and collaborators have recently shown [59] that manual grinding of the ferrocenyl dicarboxylic acid complex [Fe(q -C5H4COOH)2] with... 

Fig. 7 Manual grinding of the ferrocenyl dicarboxylic acid complex [Fe(ip -C5H4COOH)2] with l,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, 1,4-phenylenediamine,piperazine, fraMS-l,4-cyclohexa-nediamine and guanidinium carbonate generates quantitatively the corresponding organic-organometallic adducts. The reaction with phenylenediamine highlights that single crystals of the adduct can be grown from solution and used to fully characterize the reaction product...

Milling of equimolar amounts of ninhydrin and malononitrile (Retsch MM 2000 mill, stainless steel vial 10 mL, two 12 mm balls) produced after Ih Knoevenagel product 155 in quantitative yield (Scheme 2.54) [46]. After reaction completed, product did not need any purification. Solution reaction conditions are in variance with solvent-free method which does not require any catalyst. Metwally has shown that heating of ninhydrin and malononitrile in solution (EtOH/AcOH) yielded entirely different product 156, via initial condensation of two molecules of malononitrile. Manual grinding in mortar afforded after 30min products in considerably lower yields. 

Scheme 3.10) [3], Equimolar amounts of either benzidine or p-toluidine were used (in synthesis of imine 46 and fc -imine 47, respectively) and after reaction completed, products did not need any purification. On the other hand, solution reaction required reflux for longer time, with lower yield in the case of benzidine (5h, 60% yield). Manual grinding in mortar afforded after 30min products in considerably lower yields. 

Mechanochemical oxidation by manual grinding of 19 with 3 equiv. of Oxone was effected in a mortar and pestle by periodical grinding for a total of 1 h per day... 

Automation of these operations is difficult due to the variability in shape of the burrs and the need to fix the casting easily and quickly. Nevertheless, automatic grinding machines are increasingly being used in serial production. Raw casting parts are inserted into such machines to produce suitably worked parts which do not need any retooling or further manual grinding work. 

Grinding-. Emission capture when grinding on stationary machines takes place in a similar way as with abrasive cutting, i.e. via fixed fimnels into which the abrasive blast is directed. An enclosed work place is used for manual grinding and abrasive cutting. Extraction walls can then be applied in the housing. Air decontamination processes are cyclones, wet washing and dry filters... 

Note 3. A porcelain mortar can also be used for manually grinding the polymer. However, this option is suitable only with a limited amount of material and take a longer time ... 

A physical mixture of pretreated zircortium or titanium dioxide and iron (HI) oxide (3 wt% Fe) was prepared by manually grinding the components in a mortar. The iron oxide was prepared by calcining arrrmonium Fe(III)citrate (Merck, 28% Fe) in air at 750°C for 16 h. 

Manual preparation. Flat plate, manual grinding equipment... 

The first reported mechanochemical synthesis of a coordination polymer by design was based on a ligand exchange reaction involving the binuclear copper(II) acetate paddlewheel cluster. Manual grinding of copper(II) acetate monohydrate with 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane (pn) led to the replacement of... 

Figure 7 The synthesis of coordination polymers by ligand exchange reactions (a) mechanochemical construction of a 1-D coordination polymer by exchange of the water ligands on the copper(II) acetate paddlewheel cluster and (b) the formation of a hydrated coordination polymer by neat manual grinding of AgOAc and dabco in air. Water and acetate guests are shown using a space-filling model...

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