Manganese, speciation analysis

Instrumentation for speciation requires the ability to quantitatively determine various chemical species of an element. The most widely used instrumental configuration includes a system to separate the chemical species, such as chromatography or electrophoresis, and an atomic spectrometry detectoi which provides high sensitivity and specificity for the separated compounds of the element of interest. Figure 1 illustrates instrumentation that was employed for manganese speciation analysis. 

An important problem in the speciation analysis of arsenic is the above-mentioned co-precipitation of oxidized forms of arsenic with sparingly soluble compounds of iron or manganese, or the formation of iron and calcium arsenates... 

A detailed review of the methods for deterrnination of low manganese concentration in water and waste is available (179). A review on the speciation of Mn in fresh waters has been reported (180). Reviews for the chemical analysis of Mn in seawater, soil and plants, and air are presented in References 181, 182, and 183, respectively. 

In addition, for speciation coupling of flow injection analysis and column chromatography with flame AAS and also a direct coupling of HPLC with flame AAS, as is possible with high-pressure nebulization, are most powerful. Here the Cr line in the visible region can be used, which makes the application of diode laser atomic absorption spectrometry possible [325]. This has been shown recently by the example of the determination of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl. 

An excellent coverage of manganese analysis with reference to ESR speciation is given by Ash [111]. 

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