Genome mammalian

MUCH OF THE MAMMALIAN GENOME IS REDUNDANT MUCH IS NOT TRANSCRIBED... 

Genomic DNA is much more complex than cDNA. Since cDNAs are synthesized in the laboratory from mRNAs using reverse transcriptase, they are no more diverse than the number of mRNAs present at the time of isolation. However, only about 2% of the mammalian genome codes for the synthesis of proteins and their mRNAs. Thus genomic DNA libraries are at least 50 times more diverse than cDNA libraries. cDNA libraries are not easier to make, however, both because of the inherent instability of mRNA compared to DNA and because reverse transcriptase prematurely terminates when copying long mRNAs. 

Stallings RL, Ford AF, Nelson D, Tor-ney DC, Hildebrand CE, Moyzis RK. Evolution and distribution of (GT)n repetitive sequences in mammalian genomes. Genomics 1991 10 807-815. 

Reversible protein phosphorylation occurs by means of protein kinases. Eukaryotic protein kinases comprise a 250-amino acid, conserved catalytic domain. They are widely exploited in the regulation of physiological processes according to estimates the mammalian genome contains over 2000 PK genes. 

Kikkawa, Y., Miura, S., Takahama, S., Wakana, S., Yamazaki, Y., Moriwaki, K., Shiroishi, T. and Yonekava, H. (2001) Microsatellite database for MSM/Ms and JFl/Ms, molossinus derived inbred strains. Mammalian Genome 12, 750-752. 

Beato M, Eisfeld K (1997) Transcription factor access to chromatin. Nucleic Acids Res 25 3559-3563 Becker PB (2002) Nucleosome sliding facts and fiction. Embo J 21 4749-4753 Bekker-Jensen S, Lukas C, Kitagawa R, Melander F, Kastan MB, Bartek J, Lukas J (2006) Spatial organization of the mammalian genome surveillance machinery in response to DNA strand breaks. J Cell Biol 173 195-206... 

C. Conservation of Replication-Associated Strand Asymmetries in Mammalian Genomes... 

For more details on the existence and modehng of replication associated strand asymmetries in mammalian genomes, we refer the reader to the Ph.D. thesis manuscripts of E. B. Brodie of Brodie [96], S. Nicolay [97], and M. Touchon [109]. 

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