Malaria essential oils repelling

Eucalyptus globulus Lab. The oil of the fresh leaves of E. globulus yielded 2.0 % of an essential oil that contains mainly 1,8-cineole (33). This plant is used for treatment of malaria and it also repels insects (48). 

Lippia javanica (Burm. f.) Sprang The essential oil of semi-dried leaves of L. javanica (1.6%) contained on average myrcenone 32%, ciy-ocimenone 32%, traui -ocimenone 16% as its major constituents. C/5-ocimenone changed into a more polar reddish-brown compound unless the oil was stored under freezing temperature conditions (79,80). In Kenya, an iirfusion of the leaves of L. javanica are used for treatment of stuffed nose, fever, malaria, tapeworm and for indigestion (36). The leaves are used to repel termites and other insects (48). 

However, PMD was discovered as a by-product. It is a white, waxy material, semisolid at room temperature, produced as a distillate after add modification of the lemon eucalyptus oil. This material was determined to be highly repellent, and was given the Chinese name Quwenling that means effective repeller of mosquitoes. PMD is the only plant-based repellent that has been advocated for use in disease-endemic areas by the CDC, due to its proven clinical efficacy to prevent malaria and is considered to pose no risk to human health. It should be noted that the essential oil of lemon eucalyptus does not have EPA registration for use as an insect repellent. 

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