Main types of installation

A new generation of so-called regenerative processes emerged with the development of multimetallic catalyst systems. They operate by continuous withdrawal and regeneration of the catalyst, which is then recycled to the reactors. This technology applies to the manufacture of gasoline and specifically to that of aromatics. This is because it can withstand more severe treatment conditions, which allow intensive cyclization of the paraffins, the removal of those that subsist by hydrocracking, and the hydrodealkylation of the heavier compounds, 

Three or four reactors are laid out in series,.nccordmg to requirements, with prior heating of the feedstock and intermediate heating of the effluents. Table 2.23 offers an indication of the average operating conditions. 

For conventional reforming with three reactors in series, the variations in temperature between the inlet and outlet are as follows  

The oxides and sulfides formerly used in fluidized beds have been abandoned in favor of the following categories of dual-function catalysts  

Process General variation range Semi- regenerative Cyclic regenerative Regenerative Specific production of aromatics 

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Coal gasificatioo which, after drying, crushing and grinding of the feed, is carried out in three main types of installation ... 

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