Main group elements alkaline earth metals

Quaternary chalcogenides of the type A Ln M X, containing three metal elements from different blocks of the Periodic Table (A is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, Ln is an /-block lanthanide or scandium, M is a p-block main group or a r/-block transition metal, and X is S or Se) are also known [65]. 

King, R. B. (1995). Inorganic Chemistry of the Main Group Elements. VCH Publishers, New York. An excellent introduction to the descriptive chemistry of many elements. Chapter 10 deals with the alkali and alkaline earth metals. 

Figure 7.17 Enthalpy of formation of selected perovskite-type oxides as a function of the tolerance factor. Main figure show data for perovskites where the A atom is a Group 2 element and B is a d or/element that readily takes a tetravalent state [19,20]. The insert shows enthalpies of formation of perovskite-type oxides where the A atom is a trivalent lanthanide metal [21] or a divalent alkaline earth metal [22] whereas the B atom is a late transition metal atom or Ga/Al.

Zintl phases remarks on their definition. We have seen that the Zintl phases may be considered as a group of compounds formed by an electropositive (cationic) component (alkali, alkaline earth metal, lanthanide) and an anionic component (for instance a main group element of moderate electronegativity). The anionic part of the structure may be described in terms of normal valence combination. 

This chapter discusses the coordination chemistry of selected main group and transition metal complexes with dipicolinic acid, its analogues, and derivatives as ligands. Selected elements will be presented in terms of increasing atomic number. Out of all of the alkali metals, there has been a report of the crystal structure of sodium coordinated to dipicolinic acid. Calcium, magnesium, and strontium, three alkaline earth metals, are popular metal centers, which have been reported in the literature to be coordinated to dipicolinic acid or its analogues. ... 

Figure 1.1 Principal features of the periodic table. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) now recommends Arabic group numbers 1-18 in place of the traditional Roman I—VIII (A and B). Group names include alkali metals (1), alkaline earth metals (2), coinage metals (11), chalcogens (16), and halogens (17). The main groups are often called the s,p block, the transition metals the d, block elements, and the lanthanides and actinides the / block elements, reflecting the electronic shell being filled. (See inside front cover for detailed structure of the periodic table.)...

For carbides and nitrides containing more than one transition metal, or a transition metal and another element, the compositions and structures are more varied and complex. Plate 1.3 shows examples where the secondary component is a metal or main group element. Figure 1.2 shows examples where one of the secondary components is an alkali or alkaline earth... 

A. Simon, Alkali and alkaline earth metal suboxides and subnitrides. In M. Driess and H. Noth (eds.), Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2004, pp. 246-66. 

The term Zintl phase is applied to solids formed between either an alkali- or alkaline-earth metal and a main group p-block element from group 14, 15, or 16 in the periodic table. These phases are characterized by a network of homonuclear or heteronuclear polyatomic clusters (the Zintl ions), which carry a net negative charge, and that are neutralized by cations. Broader definitions of the Zintl phase are sometimes used. Group 13 elements have been included with the Zintl anions and an electropositive rare-earth element or transition element with a filled d shell (e.g. Cu) or empty d shell (e.g. Ti) has replaced the alkali- or alkaline-earth element in some reports. Although the bonding between the Zintl ions and the cations in the Zintl phases is markedly polar, by our earlier definition those compounds formed between the alkali- or alkaline-earth metals with the heavier anions (i.e. Sn, Pb, Bi) can be considered intermetallic phases. 

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