Magnetic techniques Faraday balance

Even with the effort it took for us to set-up our Faraday balance for the measurement of a high-spin carbene molecule, the set-up was not convenient and we needed a lot of experience and special techniques to handle and control the apparatus. Therefore, we always felt the necessity of a convenient new procedure equipped with irradiation system in place of a Faraday balance for investigating magnetic properties of carbenes. From the late eighties, SQUID magneto/susceptometer became commercially available at a reasonable price (still expensive) and relatively easy to obtain. It was easy to operate even for us. 

An exception to the use of internally heated autoclaves is the measurement of magnetic susceptibilities by the Faraday balance technique described in Sec. 7.3.1. 

When a substance is subjected to magnetic field H, and a magnetization I is induced. The ratio I/H is called the volume susceptibility k and can be measured by a number of techniques, including Gouy balance method, Faraday method and an nmr method. The volume susceptibility is related to the gram susceptibility c and the molar susceptibility cm. 

The popular experimental techniques involve Faraday or Gouy balance measurements where the quantity being measured is the force acting on a body when it is in the magnetic field... 

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