Magma ocean terrestrial

Righter K. and Drake M. J. (1999) Effect of water on metal-silicate partitioning of siderophile elements a higji pressure and temperature terrestrial magma ocean and core formation. Earth Planet. Set Lett. 171, 383-399. 

Ruble D. C., Melosh H. J., Reid J. E., Liebske C., and Righter K. (2003) Mechanisms of metal-sihcate equilibration in the terrestrial magma ocean. Earth Planet. Set Lett. 205, 239-255. 

Sasaki S. and Nakazawa K. (1986) Metal-silicate fractionation in the growing Earth energy source for the terrestrial magma ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 91, B9231-B9238. 

Longhi J. and Ashwal L. D. (1985) Two-stage models for lunar and terrestrial anorthosites petrogenesis without a magma ocean. Proc. 15th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., C571-C584. 

Abe Y. (1993) Thermal evolution and chemical differentiation of the terrestrial magma ocean. In Evolution of the Earth and Planets, Geophysical Monograph 74 (eds. E. Takahashi, R. Jeanloz, and D. Rubie). lUGG, American Geophysical Union, Washington, vol. 14, pp. 41-54. 

Hofmeister A. M. (1983) Effect of a Hadean terrestrial magma ocean on crust and mantle evolution. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 4963-4983. 

Solomotov V. S. (2000) Eluid dynamics of a terrestrial magma ocean. In Origin of the Earth and Moon (eds. R. M. Canup and K. Righter). University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 323-338. 

Although the circumstantial evidence for the existence of a terrestrial magma ocean is strong, independent geochemical evidence has been hard to find. Recently however, the first geochemical clues of mineral fractionation with a deep molten mantle have been found, supporting the terrestrial magma ocean concept. 

Formation of a terrestrial magma ocean. Extensive melting as a result of giant impacts would lead to the formation of a terrestrial magma ocean during the Earth s late accretion history. 

The central dilemma over the likely existence of a terrestrial magma ocean is that whilst there is abundant circumstantial evidence from the origin of the Earth s core and the existence of the Moon, there is no direct geochemical evidence in the Earth s mantle that such a feature ever existed. 

Further lines of reasoning which have been used to infer the existence of a terrestrial magma ocean are ... 

Some would go as far as to suggest that a terrestrial magma ocean was unavoidable." Similarly, Abe (1997) argued that "from a theoretical point of view it seems difficult to accrete the Earth without making some type of magma ocean."... 

As already noted, one of the paradoxes of the terrestrial magma ocean is that whilst there are strong theoretical grounds for believing that it once existed, there is little evidence preserved in the Earth s mantle which might constitute proof of such a process. In fact, until recently, the evidence seemed to be to the contrary. The present-day mantle does not possess the physical properties of a once molten material (Takahashi. Scarfe, 1985 Ito. Takahashi, 1987), indicating that if it ever was molten, the record of such an event had been destroyed, in perhaps a turbulent early mantle (Tonks Melosh, 1990 Solomatov, 2000). 

Abe, Y., 1997. Thermal and chemical evolution of the terrestrial magma ocean. Rhys. Earth Planet. Interior, 100, 27-39. 

One recent theory casts Venus as Icarus,. .. K. Hamano et al. Emergence of two types of terrestrial planet on solidification of magma ocean. 2013. Nature 497, p. 607. DOl 10.1038/naturel2163. 

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