Macromonomers Obtained by Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization

The poly(vinylpyridine) chloride was then copolymerized with NIPAM in the presence of N,N -mclhylcncbisacrylamide to obtain graft copolymer gels. These gels were found to be temperature- and pH-dependent. But above 33 °C, the authors showed aggregation of the poly(NIPAM) phase and a pH 5.5 leads to aggregation of the poly(vinylpyridine). However, the pH effect remains minor compared with that of temperature. 

The (PSSNa) macromonomer was then copolymerized with styrene by emulsion polymerization to yield proton exchange membranes with sodium ions. The original structure of these graft copolymers (i.e., hydrophilic part owing to PSSNa) affords good ionic conductivity and may become a good model of NAFION membranes. 

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