Macroion definition

By definition, in a solution all ions belong to the same phase, even though counterions may cluster more or less diffusely around the macroions. When significant amounts of a simple 1 1 electrolyte (such as KCl) are added to a polyelectrolyte solution, dissociation of the polyelectrolyte macromolecule is repressed in an extreme case the polyelectrolyte may be salted out. An undissociated polyacid may be precipitated by generous addition of a simple acid such as HCl. 

As far as I am aware, independent experimental evidence for the values of the surface potential and salt fractionation factor have not been obtained for any system other than the n-butylammonium vermiculite gels. For this isolated system, the predicted values of 5 from the Donnan equilibrium and the new equilibrium based on the coulombic attraction theory, namely 4.0 and 2.8, respectively, are definitely distinguished by the experimental results. It would be highly desirable to obtain further tests of our prediction for 5 in systems of interacting plate macroions, both in clay science and lamellar surfactant phases. 

The micelles are in equilibrium with SDS monomers, which are dissociated into Na+ and DS ions in a solution. In this way, the ionic SDS monomers and an aqueous solvent serve as the simple electrolyte or suspending medium for micellar macroions. The micelles are partially dissociated and the degree of dissociation in a concentration range from 0.03 to 0.08 mole/l was measured and found to be around 27% [24], i.e. 18 charges per micelle. For this reason, the mean concentration of Na+ ions in the solution is higher than the mean concentration of DS ions. However, to characterize the electrolyte, the Debye length, nr1, which is calculated from the definition ... 

In this presumably definitive test of the model the value of for the macroion in each phase was obtained from integra-r... 

---