Luting cements

Gulabivala, K., Setchell, D. J. Davies, E. H. (1987). An application of the jet test method for the evaluation of disintegration of dental luting cements in marginal gaps analogous to those of crowns and bridges. Clinical Materials,... 

McLean, J. W., Wilson, A. D. Prosser, H. J. (1984). Development and use of water-hardening glass-ionomer luting cements. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 52, 175-81. 

Mesu, F. P. (1982). Degradation of luting cements measured in vitro. Journal of Dental Research, 61, 665-72. 

Mitchem, J. C. Gronas, D. G. (1981). Continued evaluation of the clinical solubility of luting cements. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 45, 289-91. 

Pluim, L. J., Arends, J. Havinga, P. (1985). Comparison of in vivo and in vitro solubility of 6 luting cements. Journal of Dental Research, 64, 714, Abstract No. 98. 

Tobias, R. S., Plant, C. G., Browne, R. M., Knibbs, P. J. Britton, A. (1987). Pulpal response to an anhydrous glass-ionomer luting cement. Journal of Dental Research, 66, 836. Abstract 12. 

Fully hardened cements have brittle characteristics (Williams Smith, 1971 Skibell Shannon, 1973) and show little creep under load (Wilson Lewis, 1980). When mixed to a luting (cementation) consistency, their compressive strength reaches 70 to 131 MPa after 24 hours (Wilson, 1975b) depending on brand (Table 6.4). There is little subsequent increase in strength (Paffenbarger, Sweeney Isaacs, 1933 Smith, 1977). 

Polyelectrolyte-based dental cements or restorative materials include zinc polycarboxylates, glass ionomers, a variety of organic polyelectrolyte adhesives as well as alginate-based impression materials. Dental cements are primarily used as luting (cementing) agents for restorations or orthodontic bands, as thermal insulators under metallic restorations, and as sealents for root canals, pits and fissures. They are also sometimes used as temporary or permanent (anterior) restorations. For further introduction to dental materials the reader is referred to standard texts [122,123]. 

Luting cements based on zinc phosphate have been known for more than a century and are still in major use today. The fundamental process leading to cementation is the... 

B.W Burtenshaw, V. Piddock, Porosity in water-based dental luting cement, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 4 (1993) 415 17. 

C. H. Pameij er, Crown retention with three resin-modified glass ionomer luting cements, J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 143 (2012) 1218-1222. 

These problems were overcome by the early 1990s when the product Ketac Endo was launched. It was formulated with the consistency of a luting cement, which meant it had a relatively low powder to Uquid ratio. This enabled it to flow into place and to adapt weU to the contours of the root canal, including as quite thin films where necessary. It included a radiopacilying agent, which overcame another problem of glass-ionomers in this apphcation, namely their X-ray transparency [51]. 

Jefferies, S.R., Appleby, D., Boston, D., et al Clinical performance of a bioactive dental luting cement- a prospective clinical pilot study. J Clin Dent 20, pp. 231 -237 (2009)... 

Luting Cement. Refractory mortar for jointing spouts in glass forming, sealing coke oven doors etc. 

Krejci E, Lutz E, Reimer M., and Heinzmann J.L., "Wear of Ceramic Inlays, Their Enamel Antagonists and Luting Cements," /. Prosthetic Dent., 69, 425-30 (1993). 

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