Lungs compliance

Describe the role of elastic connective tissues in elastic recoil of the lungs as well as in lung compliance... 

The volume change per unit change in pressure (ml.cmH20 1 or l.kPa-1). Lung compliance... 

Lung compliance in vivo Ciliary beat assays in vitro Mucus level assays in vitro Alveolar Type II cell surfactant secretion assay in vitro Pharmacological profiling — binding or functional assays at receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporters... 

Laboratory exposure to dust clouds and dust extract aerosols results in chest tightness, dyspnea and decreases in both expiratory flow and dynamic lung compliance (4). Bouhuys et al. showed that aerosols of cotton dust extract inhaled by man produced reversible small-airway obstruction within 10 minutes O) the same effects were noted in cardroom workers exposed to dust on Mondays, i.e. decreased maximum expiratory flow rates and increased airway resistance ( ). These changes are compatible with narrowing of small airways as the principal effect of acute dust exposure. 

As predicted by Otis, the method is believed capable of detecting asynchronous mechanical behavior (unequal regional ventilatory time constants), which otherwise can be documented only by the considerably more difficult measurement of dynamic lung compliance. 

Static lung compliance measurement, 3% Sulfates, 1 aerosols, 106-12 concentration, 112, 271-72 Sulfhydtyi compounds, effect of ozone on, 345-46... 

Acute Kerosene Rabbit 32,500 mg/nr, 4-9 mui, inhalation (aerosol) Reduction in tidal volume and dynamic lung compliance, bronchoconstriction, increase in pulmonary resistance Casaco et al. 1982... 

Total lung flow resistance Static lung compliance Flow resistance of airways... 

Dynamic lung compliance Stiffness (elasticity) of the lung... 

Mechanical restriction caused by chest bellows malfunction may result from chest wall or skeletal deformity, loss of neuromuscular function, fibrosis of the pleural space, and abdominal overdistension causing upward displacement of the diaphragm, as well as decreased diaphragm movement. The most common pulmonary function pattern seen in these patients is a decrease in TLC and VC with only a slight decrease in RV. The RV is maintained in these diseases because lung compliance remains normal. The Dlco is normal or only minimally reduced, and the Dlco a (corrected for alveolar volume) is normal. The RV/TLC ratio is often increased in patients with restrictive chest bellows disease. Patients with neuromuscular disease also have reduced respiratory muscle function with a reduction in their MIP. 

Fic. 13. Pressure-volume curve utilized for measuring lung compliance. Patients with obstructive diseases show a shift of the normal curve upward, whereas in restrictive diseases the curve shifts downward and to the right. 

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