Chemically induced electron-exchange luminescence

Chemical off—on switching of the chemiluminescence of a 1,2-dioxetane (9-benzyhdene-10-methylacridan-l,2-dioxetane [66762-83-2] (9)) was first described in 1980 (33). No chemiluminescence was observed when excess acetic acid was added to (9) but chemiluminescence was recovered when triethylamine was added. The off—on switching was attributed to reversible protonation of the nitrogen lone pair and modulation of chemically induced electron-exchange luminescence (CIEEL). Base-induced decomposition of a 1,2-dioxetane of 2-phen5l-3-(4 -hydroxyphenyl)-l,4-dioxetane (10) by deprotonation of the phenoHc hydroxy group has also been described (34). 

B. Electron-transfer-induced Decomposition Chemically Initiated Electron-exchange Luminescence (CIEEL)... 

Chemiluminescence. The mechanisms behind this phenomenon, as induced by the reaction of, e.g. diphenoyl peroxide and an easily oxidized fluorescent molecule has been brilliantly illuminated by Schuster and co-workers (Schuster, 1979b Koo and Schuster, 1978) who proposed the CIEEL pathway (Chemically Initiated Electron Exchange Luminescence) according to (12). Note that two electron-transfer steps are postulated, the... 

Dixon and Schuster (1979, 1981) have investigated both the thermal and electron-donor induced reactions of 1-phenylethyl peroxyacetate [28] and a series of substituted 1-phenylethyl peroxybenzoates [29a-29e]. They report the direct generation of electronically excited states from unimolecular thermo-lyses, as well as generation of light by the chemically initiated electron-exchange luminescence mechanism. 

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