LOWER ALIPHATIC AMINES

Primary and secondary amines can also act as very weak acids ( 10 ). They react with acyl haUdes, anhydrides, and esters with rates depending on 

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (4th Edition) 

To convert kPa to inin Hg, multiply by 7.5. unless otherwise noted, unless otherwise noted. 

Thermodynamic data are available only for the lower alkylamines, mainly estimates based on a few experimental deterrninations (3,4). Many manufacturing processes appear to be limited by thermodynamic equiUbria. The lack of accurate free energy data for these amines limits the appHcation of thermodynamic considerations, in contrast to the situation in hydrocarbon technology. 

Chemical Properties The formation of salts with acids is the most characteristic reaction of amines. Since the amines are soluble in organic solvents and the salts are usually not soluble, acidic products can be conveniendy separated by the reaction with an amine, the unshared electron pair on the amine nitrogen acting as proton acceptor. Amines are good nucleophiles reactions of amines at the nitrogen atom have as a first step the formation of a bond with the unshared electron pair of nitrogen, eg, reactions with acid anhydrides, haUdes, and esters, with carbon dioxide or carbon disulfide, and with isocyanic or isothiocyanic acid derivatives. 

Alkyl amine CAS Registry Number Molecular formula mol wt Synonym or common abbreviation  

Alkyl amine Mp, °C Bp, °C Vapor Density Refractive Water K3IO+ 

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Lower aliphatic amines, Cycloaliphatic amines, Fatty amines. 

Amines. See also Amines by reduction Cycloaliphatic amines Fatty amines Higher aliphatic amines Lower aliphatic amines... 

Lower aliphatic amines, 2 537-552 chemical reactions, 2 539-542 commercial, 2 537-538t economic aspects, 2 548-551, 549-550t health and safety factors, 2 548, 548t manufacture by alcohol amination, 2 544-545... 

The lower aliphatic amines are gases with lishy odour. Primary amines with three or more carbon atoms are liquid and still higher ones are solid. Aniline and other arylamlnes are usually colourless but get coloured on storage due to atmospheric oxidation. 

Acohol amination - [AMINES - LOWER ALIPHATIC AMINES] (Vol 2)... 

Animation - [AMINES - LOWERALIPHATIC AMINES] (Vol 2) - [AMNES-LOWERALIPHATIC AMINES] (Vol 2) -alkyl halide [AMINES - LOWERALIPHATIC AMINES] (Vol 2) -alkyl halide [AMINES - LOWER ALIPHATIC AMINES] (Vol 2) -of aromatics [FRIEDEL-CRAFTSREACTIONS] (Vol 11) -m dyes manufacture [DYES AND DYE INTERMEDIATES] (Vol 8) -ofion-exchange resins [ION EXCHANGE] (Vol 14)... 

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