Loos modulus

Loss Tangent and Loos Modulus Temperature Bandwidths ... 

Metal-vacuum-metal tunneling 49—50 Method of Harris and Liebsch 110, 123 form of corrugation function 111 leading-Bloch-waves approximation 123 Microphone effect 256 Modified Bardeen approach 65—72 derivation 65 error estimation 69 modified Helmholtz equation 348 Modulus of elasticity in shear 367 deflection 367 Mo(lOO) 101, 118 Na-atom-tip model 157—159 and STM experiments 157 NaCl 322 NbSej 332 NionAu(lll) 331 Nucleation 331... 

There are many experimental details to consider in nanoindentation, but the end result is that both hardness and elastic modulus can be determined relatively routinely on very small samples, including thin films and nanocomposites. What is more, the hardness measurement is quantitative and reproducible. A typical hardness-modulus-indentation depth curve is shown in Figure 5.22 for an Si(lOO) plane. 

Figure 5.22 Hardness and elastic modulus as a function of indentation depth at various peak loads for Si(lOO). Reprinted, by permission, from X. Li and B. Bhushan, Materials Characterization, Vol. 48, p. 14. Copyright 2002 by Elsevier Science, Inc.

Figure 13.5(d) presents experimental stiffness measurements using differential UFM for three high modulus surfaces sapphire, Si(100) and LiF(lOO) (Dinelli et al. 2000b). The samples were probed with the same silicon tip on a V-shaped cantilever (nominally cantilever stiffness was kc - 2.8 nN nm 1,and radius of curvature R = 10 nm). The surface RMS roughness of the surfaces was less than 0.2 nm over a few square micrometres for all three samples. The relative difference between the three sets of data reveals that the elastic properties of these three materials can be distinguished by differential UFM the relative independence of the applied force may indicate the fact that the tip had been flattened by extended contact with such hard samples. 

SULFONATE CONTENT, meq./lOO POLYMER Figure 4. Effect of sulfonate content on modulus and elongation at 25°C... 

Dilational elasticity modulus of Triton X-lOO solutions at the water/dodecane interface determined from longitudinal wave damping according to Bonfillon Langevin (1993)... 

Physical test properties on some cured rubber stocks prepared from lithium-catalyzed butadiene polymers are listed in Tables V and VI with appropriate controls. The results are only roughly indicative of the potential properties of rubbers made from lithium-catalyzed butadiene polymers because of the limited quantity of polymer available. The tensile data in Table VI indicate that compounded stocks from the lithium polymers are about equal or slightly inferior to the emulsion and sodium polymer controls in regard to these properties however, a hot tensile (lOO C.) on a cured compound from lithium polybutadiene was 325 pounds per square inch compared to 200 to 250 for an emulsion polybutadiene control. The internal friction of cured stocks from the lithium-catalyzed butadiene polymers is similar in magnitude to the emulsion or sodium polymer controls at 50 C. but higher at 100 °C. All lithium polymers, even those with low Mooney viscosities, gave cured compounds with high values of dynamic modulus. 

The property profile (mechanical, electrical, thermal, and combustion) of Ardel D-lOO (Bisphenol A polyarylate) is listed in Tables I through IV, respectively. The dynamic mechanical data are illustrated in Figure 3 for Ardel D-lOO showing the high glass transition temperature and consistent modulus over a large temperature range. 

Fig. 12 a Elongation at break, ebreak> and b Young modulus, , for the non-nucleated, calcium pimelate nucleated, NU-lOO nucleated and y-quinacridone-modified PP homopolymers over the investigated MFR range. The test speed was 50 mm min for the determination of Sbreaki 5 mm min for the evaluation of E. The specimens were injection molded dog bones... 

Fig.6. Hardness H, effective Young s modulus E, elastic recovery We and H/E ratio of the Zr-Al-0 films with low ratio Zr/All sputtered on Si(lOO) substrate at Us=Ufi, Ts=500°C, Pt=1 Pa, and and 2 A as a function of partial pressure of oxygen po2-MM, TM and OM are the metallic, transition and oxide modes of sputtering, respectively [21].

Figure 3-21. lOO-s 0.5% Tensile Secant Modulus vs Temperature (Designations as in Fig. 3-11) ... 

There was still a variation in break properties however, so that at the highest rates the curves showed an upturn below X=2 (IOO56 strain). Raising the t nperature to kO C removed even this small upturn, since the strain never exceeded lOO t, Figure l l-. The observed increase in Ci is just what would be expected if is proportional to the absolute temperature. The only disturbing feature of the results is that the shear modulus calculated from 2Cq at 20 C is 6.0 X 10 dynes/cm, rather than the values of about 8 x 10 obtained in the stress relaxation experiments. 

Press curing 20min at lOO C Mechanical properties Tensile strength, MPa Elongation at break, % Modulus at 300%, MPa Hardness, Shore A Ozone resistance Temperature 50°C Time 70h I... 

---