Long-chain triacylglycerols

Christensen, J.O. et al. (2004) Solubilisation of poorly water-soluble drugs dnmitgo lipolysis of medium-and long-chain triacylglycerol ur. J. Pharm. Sci., 23 287-296. 

Deckelbaum, R. J., Hamilton, J. A., Moser, A., Bengtsson-Olivecrona, G., Butbul, E., Carpentier, Y. A., Gutman, A., and Olivecrona, T. (1990), Medium-chain versus long-chain triacylglycerol emulsion hydrolysis by lipoprotein hpase and hepatic lipase Implications for the mechanisms of lipase action, Biochemistry, 29,1136-1142. 

For long-chain triacylglycerols, it can be stated that fatty acids fed in the snl,3-position are taken up mainly as free fatty acids, whereas those at the i 2-position are mainly taken up as in2-MAGs. This is schematically shown in Figure 1. 

Gargouri, Y., Pieroni, G., Riviere, C., Sau-NiERE, J.-F., Lowe, P.A., Sarda, L. and Verger, R. (1986b) Kinetic assay ofhuman gastric lipase on short- and long-chain triacylglycerol emulsions. Gastroenterology 91, 919-925. 

Christensen JO, Schultz K, Mollgaard B, Kristensen HG and Mullertz A. Solubilisation of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs during In Vitro Lipolysis of Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols. Eur J Pharm Sci 2004 23 287-296. 

Various fatty acids are used in the production of structured lipids these may include both n-3 and n-6 fatty acids. Structured lipids containing MCFA and LCFA may modify the absorption rates because MCFA are rapidly oxidized for energy, whereas LCFA are oxidized very slowly. These specialty lipids are strucmrally and metabolically different from simple physical mixtures of medium-chain and long-chain triacylglycerols. 

Noguchi, O., Takeuchi, H., Kubota, F, Tusji, H., and Aoyama T. Larger diet-induced thermogenesis and less body fat accumulation in rats fed medium-chain triacylglycerols than those fed long-chain triacylglycerols. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 48, 524-529, 2002. 

Lipases are serine hydrolases (EC 3.1.1.3) that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in long-chain triacylglycerols with a concomitant release of fatty acids and glycerol (Jaeger et al. 1999 Sharma et al. 2001). The action mechanism of lipases is shown inO Fig. 7.2.0 figure 7.3 represents a structure of a lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Nardini and Dijkstra 1999). 

LCT, long-chain triacylglycerol. MCT, medium-chain triacylglycerol. EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid. tri-EPA, trieicosapentaenoylglycerol. 

LONG-CHAIN TRIACYLGLYCEROL ACYL HYDROLASE (LIPASE) ACTIVITY IN WHEAT GRAIN... 

Location of long-chain triacylglycerol (LCTG) lipase in bran... 

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