Propositions logical

Urteil, n. judgment, decision, opinion, verdict (Logic) proposition, -chen, n. primary (or primordial) particle (formerly) atom. 

Foulkes et al. (1988) have approached the synthesis of operating procedures from a more empirical angle. They have extended the work of Rivas and Rudd (1974) for the synthesis of complex pump and valve sequencing operations, relying on the use of logical propositions (implemented as rule-based expert systems), which capture the various types of constraints imposed on the states of a processing system. 

Greenwood (1989) stated that the word model should be reserved for well-constrained logical propositions, not necessarily mathematical, that have necessary and testable consequences, and avoid the use of the word if we are merely constructing a scenario of possibilities. A scientific model is a testable idea, hypothesis, theory, or combination of theories that provide new insight or a new interpretation of an existing problem. An additional quality often attributed to a model or theory is its ability to explain a large number of observations while maintaining simplicity (Occam s razor). The simplest model that explains the most observations is the one that will have the most appeal and applicability. 

The procedure to convert a logical expression into its corresponding conjunctive normal form was formalized by Clocksin and Mellish (1981). The systematic procedure consists of applying the following three steps to each logical proposition ... 

Once each logical proposition has been converted into its conjunctive normal form representation, 0i A 22 A A Qj, it can be easily expressed as a set of linear equality and inequality constraints. 

Fuzzy logic is a method for reasoning with logical expressions describing membership in fuzzy sets. A fuzzy logic proposition, P, is a statement involving concepts without clearly defined boundaries. Linguistic statements that tend to express... 

Recent movements towards the philosophy of engineering indicate that engineering career started to face in an increasing manner a global crisis that spurs although temporarily a turn to philosophical fundamentals, logical propositions and inferences prior to any quantification. 

The preliminary step is a genuine logical and uncertain conceptualization of the phenomenon with its causal and result variables similar to Fig. 3.5 that are combined through the fuzzy logical propositions as in Fig. 3.7). 

The consequent part comes after the word THEN, which includes the final decision or deduction. A good statement is one whose conclusion follows from its antecedent part. Such logical propositions are at the fundamentals of any education system alsply or in fuzzy manner. However, in practical life almost all deeds include uncertainty, and hence, fuzziness to a certain extent. Even crisp statanents are cleaned out (defuzzification) from the fuzzy counterparts. 

Considering weakly, moderately and highly fractured rocks, the fuzzy logical propositions can be stated as. 

Another comparison of classical and fuzzy logic propositions can be effectively observed and grasped on the basis of Cartesian coordinate system display. 

On the other hand, in classical engineering educational systems, more than basic logical propositions, formulations and determinism are mentioned for the solution of problems. Especially, in engineering and in many other disciplines also almost each field study at a site is completely different from other sites even though they may be close to each other. Therefore, determinism or crisp informational systems cannot provide productive new information for the description of phenomena concerned. 

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