Liquids kinetic molecular view

Figure 6.3 A kinetic molecular view of solids, liquids, and gases.

Collapsing Can Liquid Nitrogen and Balloons Charles s Law A Graphical View Charles s Law A Molecular-Level View The Ideal Gas Law PV - nRT Visualizing Molecular Motion Single Molecule Visualizing Molecular Motion Many Molecules Kinetic-Molecular Theory/Heat Transfer Diffusion of Gases... 

The different states of matter were defined in Section 1.4, and the gas laws and the kinetic theory of gases were defined in Chapter 5. Here we want to recall the salient features of those discussions and then compare gases, liquids, and solids. We especially want to compare how these states are viewed in terms of kinetic-molecular theory. 

Although it turned out that a number of essential features concerning dynamics of molecular liquids can be well captured by the theory of the previous subsection (see Secs. 3 and 5), an intense investigation through experimental, theoretical, and molecular-dynamics simulation studies for simple liquids has revealed that the microscopic processes underlying various time-dependent phenomena cannot be fully accounted for by a simplified memory-function approach [18, 19, 20]. In particular, the assumption that the decay of memory kernels is ruled by a simple exponential-type relaxation must be significantly revised in view of the results of the kinetic framework developed for dense liquids (see Sec. 5.1.4). This motivated us to further improve the theory for dynamics of polyatomic fluids. 

The reactions between carbons and molecular oxygen have been extensively studied from two points of view, one of chemical kinetics and the other of chemical engineering or fuel combustion engineering. It is the conversion of carbon to oxides of carbon, the carbon being part of a gas (e.g. CH4) or a liquid (petroleum) or a solid (coal), the exothermicity of these reactions providing, almost exclusively, the energy requirements on a world scale. 

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