Liquefied fluorinated hydrocarbons,

By compressor—anhydrous ammonia, carbon dioxide, LP-gas, 1,3-butadiene, methyl chloride, vinyl chloride, sulfur dioxide, and liquefied fluorinated hydrocarbons... 

Anhydrous ammonia is unloaded from cargo tanks by a compressor or a liquid pump, LP-gas by a compressor or liquid pump, and methyl chloride and sulfur dioxide by a compressor. Liquefied fluorinated hydrocarbons are usually unloaded from cargo tank trucks by a turbine pump, although a compressor may be used. DOT and TC regulations for unloading cargo tank trucks, as well as precautions previously noted in this discussion, are to be observed. Procedures are generally similar to those de-... 

The U.S. Department of Transportation and Transport Canada classify most liquefied fluorinated hydrocarbons as nonflammable gases. Some of those presently shipped in single-unit tank cars, TMU containers, and cargo tank trucks are dichloro-difluoromethane (R12), trichloromonofluor-... 

Avoid contact with the liquid and excessive inhalation of vapor. In case of a severe leak, persons entering an area of dense concentration of vapor should wear an air gas mask of the type approved by the U.S. Bureau of Mines or the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for liquefied fluorinated hydrocarbon service. 

Special precautions are necessary in the handling of certain hazardous liquefied compressed gases, particularly the following butadiene (inhibited), vinyl chloride, anhydrous ammonia, LP-gases, chlorine, methyl chloride, sulfur dioxide, and the fluorinated hydrocarbons. For specific information on the physical and chemical properties of liquefied compressed gases, physiological ef-... 

The compressed gases used today include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide. The liquefied gases that once were used include the Freons and Gentrons , which were fluorinated chlorinated hydrocarbons. Today most of these products have been replaced by chlorinated hydrocarbons, which are predominantly inert. 

The oxidative combustion wifli ion-selective electrode method described here can be used to accurately determine fluorine in liquid hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum gases at levels down to 0.5 ng/pl. Results obtained are in good agreement with those achieved with the Wickbold Oxy-Hydrogen Combustion method. The oxidative combustion with ion-selective electrode method is less time consuming, less hazardous, and more sensitive than the Wickbold method. The analysis is also applicable to a range of sample types not discussed here, including aqueous based systems and solids. 

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