Linear reflection

Although a great deal of data analysis is needed to obtain a value of the optical nonlinearity from this measurement, we can estimate the order of magnitude of the value. The estimate comes from a comparison of this data with that taken on a similar experiment using Si as the nonlinear material. (15) The two experiments used approximately the same laser power and beam geometry, and the linear reflectivity curves were similar in shape and size (the minimum value of reflectivity). Neglecting differences... 

Instances have been found in which BET plots were noted to be linear to relative pressures as high as 0.5, and in other cases the linear range is found only below relative pressures of 0.1.The extent to which these deviations from the usual range of linearity reflect unusual surface properties is difficult to ascertain. For example, micropores exhibit unusually high adsorption potentials due to the overlapping potential from the walls of the micropore. Under these enhanced conditions condensation can occur within the pores at relative pressures less than 0.1, and linear BET plots are found at even lower relative pressures. 

Algorithms That Linearize Reflectance Measurements with Analyte Concentration... 

Appreciable negative departures from P-xi linearity reflect stronger liquid-phase inter-molecular attractions between unlike than between like pairs of molecules. Conversely, appreciable positive departures result for solutions for wliich liquid-phase intermolecularforces between like molecules are stronger than between unlike. In tliis latter case the forces between like molecules may be so strong as to prevent complete miscibility, and the system then fomis two separate hquid phases over a range of compositions, as described in Sec. 14.4. 

The complexes between substituted phenols and aniline show a parallel linearity, reflected by equation 6135. 

It was established for several examples that it was possible to observe some departure from the expected proportionality between the enantiomeric excess of the catalyst and the enantiomeric excess of the product. Nonlinear effects (NLE) are categorized as a positive nonlinear effect ((-i-)-NLE) if the curve ee(product) = f(ee(catalyst)) is above the straight line characterizing the expected proportionality between ee(product) and ee(catalyst). The (-i-)-NLE has also been named asymmetric amplification [92]. A negative nonlinear effect ((-)-NLE) means that the experimental curve ee(product) =f( ee(catalyst)) lies below the straight line of the linear correlation. The departure from linearity reflects the formation of diastereomeric species (catalytically active or not) which perturb the predictions based only on mixture of enantiomeric catalysts and the... 

The DSC thermogram in this region is shown to increase almost linearly, reflecting the movement of the glass/rubber boundary through the sample rather than following some underlying variation in specific heat with temperature. In addition, the movement of... 

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