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Linear optimum slope

According to this equation, the plot of l/kw as function of C would show a minimum and the plot beyond Cmin would be linear with a positive slope and positive intercept. However, at the optimum surfactant concentration corresponding to the maximum in the plot of kv against [Surfactant], the following relationship is obtained. [Pg.164]

These QSAR vary in size and the number of variables used to define inhibitory activity. Selassie and Klein have described a more thorough comparative analysis of these QSAR (202). A brief focus on the MR term reveals that its coefficients vary remarkably in all four sets. QSAR 1.88 is a parabola with an optimum of 6.4. Because it is parabolic in nature, the coefficient of the ascending slope cannot be compared with the linear slopes in QSAR 7.59-7.97. Figure 1.4 illustrates the problems with QSAR 7.89-1.91, which failed to test analogs across the available space. [Pg.34]

Stefanie et al. [68] studied a closed loop SMB unit in which two solvent mixtures of different compositions are used as the feed solvent and as the desorbent for a binary separation. For such SMB systems, these authors derived the region of separation and showed how the optimum operating conditions can be found, using the equilibrium theory, i.e., neglecting axial dispersion and the mass transfer resistances, and assmning linear equilibrium isotherms. They also assumed in their calculations that the separation performance of the SG-TMB unit is the same as that of the SG-SMB. They used the following relationship to accoimt for the dependence of the affinity of the solutes for the solid phase in the presence of a fluid phase of variable composition i.e., for the variation of the initial slope of the isotherm of the solute or its a parameter with the solvent composition)... [Pg.828]

In the preceding chapter was discussed how a near-optimum experimental domain can be established through the method of steepest ascent. A disadvantage of this method is that it requires that the slopes of a linear approximation of the response surface model is established first. When it is reasonable to assume that the most influencing experimental variables are known, it is possible to locate a near-optimum domain through alternative procedures, viz. the simplex methods. In these methods, a minimum initial set of experiments is used to span a variation in the experimental domain. From these experiments, it is then possible to determine in which direction an improved response is to be expected. A new experiment is run in this direction. [Pg.225]

Experimental data suggest that the optimum salinity varies linearly with the cosolvent concentration. Therefore, p7 can be estimated from the slope of the straight line of normalized optimnm salinity (C5i,op/C i,op) versns f in the case without divalent cations, as schematically shown in Figure 7.20. To obtain the effect of cosolvent on the shift in optimum salinity, P, we need to measure the volume fraction diagram for at least two different cosolvent concentrations and must know C i op. According to the definition, ff is defined as V7/(V7 + V3). [Pg.279]

Regression The process of determining the optimum parameters of a model that fit some data. For example, given pairs of data (x,y) a linear model finds the best fit values of the intercept (a) and slope (b) in y = a + bx. Least squares regression minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals. (Section 5.3.1)... [Pg.7]

The plot of (l/Tp) - (l/Tp ) against nucleation hold temperature showed that optimum nucleation temperature is I020°C, i.e. Tg + 35°C, which is in close agreement with the optimum nucleation temperature determined using the heat treatment experiments. A plot of ln(a /Tp ) versus l/Tp gave good linear correspondence. The activation energy calculated from this slope was 834 kJ. [Pg.281]

There are many situations where a linear model is desired (i.e., y = bx + c). The optimum values of the first-order coefficient b (i.e., slope) and the zeroth-order coefficient c (i.e., intercept) can be calculated from a subset of the information provided above for a second-order polynomial model. It is not necessary to minimize the error with respect to the second-order coefficient a. Furthermore, a = 0 in the other two linear equations. Hence, equations (7-29) reduce to ... [Pg.144]

On the right-hand graph, the salinity scale is taken as the Naperian logarithm of salinity. It is seen that the centerline of the three-phase region becomes a straight line so that the expression In 5 vs. ACN is linear, with a slope indicated as K. All the points along this line correspond to an optimum formulation where / = 1. [Pg.261]

The spontaneous adsorption of timolol can be used for its voltammetric determination. In Fig.3 the variation of peak current with the preconcentration time is shown for timolol solutions of 10 and 10" M. A linear dependence for the 10" M concentration, up to 120 s, can be seen, with a slope of 0.193 nA/s. Thus the choice of optimum accumulation time depends of the range of concentration studied. [Pg.389]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.280 ]




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